Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41565606›Full record

ArticleStudies in family planning2026

Factors That Contribute to Contraceptive Stockout Rates in Nigerian Health Facilities.

Taiwo Ibinaiye, Babatunde Adelekan, Ummulkhulthum Bajoga, Sampson Ezikeanyi, Amaka Anene, Ishioma Ntaka-Okocha, Collins Opiyo, Andat Dasogot, Koessan Kuawu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Studies in family planning, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Taiwo Ibinaiye
Babatunde Adelekan
Ummulkhulthum Bajoga
Sampson Ezikeanyi
Amaka Anene
Ishioma Ntaka-Okocha
Collins Opiyo
Andat Dasogot
Koessan Kuawu

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Contraceptive stockouts are a major barrier to effective family planning (FP) service delivery in Nigeria, limiting access to modern methods and contributing to adverse reproductive health outcomes. Despite ongoing efforts to strengthen the supply chain, many health facilities continue to experience stockouts. A cross-sectional study was conducted in September 2024 across 1,050 service delivery points (SDPs) in Nigeria. Descriptive statistics and univariate mixed-effects logistic regression were used to explore associations between stockouts and facility characteristics, including location, supervision frequency, resupply methods, and logistics practices. Overall, 41.7 percent of SDPs reported at least one contraceptive stockout in the three months preceding the survey. Stockouts were slightly more common in rural facilities (56.8 percent) compared to urban facilities (43.2 percent), though this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.53). Monthly supervisory visits were associated with significantly lower stockout rates (p = 0.014). Facilities relying on external agencies for resupply had 1.55 times higher odds of stockouts than those calculating needs internally (p = 0.058). Delays exceeding two weeks between ordering and delivery were the strongest predictor of stockouts (odds ratio: 1.76, 95 percent confidence interval: 1.257-2.474, p < 0.001). Improving supply chain efficiency, supervision frequency, and resupply models is critical to reducing contraceptive stockouts and enhancing FP service delivery in Nigeria.

Indexed as

Contraceptive AgentsFamily Planning ServicesHealth FacilitiesContraceptionCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansNigeriaContraceptive Agents

Identifiers

PMID41565606
PMCPMC12996751

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.