ArticleBMJ (Clinical research ed.)2026
Impact of shifting blood donation policy from gift to honour model: staggered difference-in-differences analysis in China.
Article in BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo evaluate the impact of a new blood donation incentive policy-an honour model promoting blood donation quality and quantity to inform future policy changes in China and worldwide.
designStaggered difference-in-differences analysis in China.
settingBlood donation policies (from provincial government official websites), annual blood donation data (from China's reports on blood safety and annual reports on development of China's blood collection and supply industry), and demographic and socioeconomic indicators (from China city statistical yearbooks and provincial statistical yearbooks) from 2012 to 2018. POPULATION: Blood stations from 30 provinces of China; four regions excluded because data not available.
interventionThe honour model (social recognition through an honour card granting frequent blood donors honorary incentives such as free access to public bus services and outpatient consultations in hospitals) was piloted to stimulate blood donations in intervention provinces.
main outcome measureAnnual total count of blood donations and total count of whole blood donations to measure the quantity of blood donations, and annual donor eligibility rate to measure the quality of blood donations.
resultsThe honour model increased blood donation counts by 3.55% (95% confidence interval 1.30% to 5.80%, P=0.003) by the end of the second year of implementation. By the end of the fifth year, this effect had doubled to 7.70% (2.42% to 12.98%, P=0.006). Most of these increases were driven by absolute increases in whole blood donation of 3.34% (1.11% to 5.56%, P=0.005) and 7.23% (1.90% to 12.56%, P=0.01) by the end of the second and fifth years, respectively. The honour model did not significantly affect the donor eligibility rate. The Borusyak-Jaravel-Spiess difference-in-differences analysis, synthetic difference-in-differences analysis, and placebo test all suggested the results were robust.
conclusionsThe honour model of blood donation increased the quantity of blood donation in China, while donation quality remained unchanged. This impact was sustained after the introduction of the honour model within the study period.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.