ArticleRenal failure2025
Clinical significance of serum calcium-phosphorus product, parathyroid hormone, vitamin K2 in chronic kidney disease patients with coronary artery calcification.
Article in Renal failure, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Abstract
Coronary artery calcification (CAC) is a major cardiovascular complication in chronic kidney disease (CKD) driven by disrupted calcium-phosphorus metabolism, secondary hyperparathyroidism, and vitamin K2 deficiency. Although CAC predicts cardiovascular events, the roles of calcium-phosphorus product (Ca × P), parathyroid hormone (PTH), and vitamin K2 in CAC progression and diagnosis remain underexplored. This study examines clinical and biochemical factors linked to CAC in CKD and evaluates the diagnostic potential of these biomarkers individually and in combination. This retrospective analysis included 368 CKD patients divided into CAC (
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