ArticleContemporary clinical trials2026
A multilevel clinic- and community-based intervention to increase COVID-19 vaccination among Latinos in San Diego County: Protocol description of the vaccine promotion program.
Article in Contemporary clinical trials, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundCOVID-19 has disproportionately affected minority groups, including Latinos. Since the development of COVID-19 vaccines, effective implementation faced challenges due to multiple factors, necessitating multi-level and multi-sector approaches. This study describes the Vaccine Promotion Program (VPP), a multi-level intervention to increase COVID-19 vaccine uptake among Latinos in clinical and community settings.
methodsVPP is a double-blind, pragmatic, 12-month cluster-randomized trial in collaboration with a large Federally Qualified Health Center (FQHC) in San Diego, CA. Ten clinics will be randomized to a Multilevel Intervention involving activities at the interpersonal, clinic, and community levels (VPP) or Standard Clinical Practice (SCP) (n = 5 clinics, respectively). Patients in VPP clinics will receive tailored clinic-originated messages about COVID-19 vaccination and motivational interviews (MI) (15-30-min telephone/telehealth encounters) from Health Educators (HE) to encourage COVID-19 vaccination. HEs will send emails and/or text message-based information to encourage vaccination. The community-level intervention involves targeted and tailored activities to promote COVID-19 vaccine uptake in neighborhoods surrounding the five VPP clinics. A cohort of 200 patients will be enrolled to participate in comprehensive surveys and follow-up for 24 months to assess longer-term outcomes. The primary outcome (COVID-19 aggregated vaccination rates) will be compared at baseline, 6, and 12 months between VPP and SCP clinics and neighborhoods, respectively. DISCUSSION: VPP directly addresses the most prominent COVID-19 vaccination barriers, including health literacy, community trust, and vaccine access, through a multi-level approach in collaboration with an FQHC. This approach has the potential to be an effective and scalable public health approach to vaccination among underserved communities.
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