Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41564181›Full record

ArticleScience advances2026

Granuloma dual RNA-seq reveals composite transcriptional programs driven by neutrophils and necrosis within tuberculous granulomas.

Gopinath Viswanathan, Erika J Hughes, Mingyu Gan, Ana María Xet-Mull, Jacob P Lowy, Charlie J Pyle, Graham Alexander, Devjanee Swain-Lenz, Qingyun Liu, David M Tobin

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Science advances, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Gopinath ViswanathanDepartment of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7027-1848
Erika J HughesDepartment of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9782-0819
Mingyu GanDepartment of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
Ana María Xet-MullDepartment of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
Jacob P LowyDepartment of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8504-7518
Charlie J PyleDepartment of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6355-0638
Graham AlexanderSequencing and Genomics Technologies Core Facility, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
Devjanee Swain-LenzDepartment of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1910-8356
Qingyun LiuDepartment of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2284-5050
David M TobinDepartment of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3465-5518

Funding

Macrophage Reprogramming During Granuloma Formation in the ZebrafishR01AI130236 · NIAID · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI David M. Tobin · 2017 to 2026
$4.5M
Genetic dissection of angiogenesis in the tuberculous granulomaR01AI125517 · NIAID · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI David M. Tobin · 2017 to 2026
$4.4M
The Genetic Basis of Bone Disease in Mycobacterial InfectionR01AI127715 · NIAID · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI Clare Margaret Smith, David M. Tobin · 2017 to 2026
$3.3M
Defining the role of the RGS12 locus in macrophage functionF31AI191426 · NIAID · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI Jacob Lowy · 2025 to 2026
$87k
NIAID NIH HHS F31 AI191426NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI125517NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI127715NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI130236
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Mycobacterial granulomas lie at the center of tuberculosis (TB) pathogenesis and represent a unique niche where infecting bacteria survive under nutrient-restricted conditions and in the face of a host immune response. The granuloma's necrotic core, where bacteria reside extracellularly in humans, is difficult to assess in many experimentally tractable models. Here, using necrotic mycobacterial granulomas in adult zebrafish, we develop dual RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) across different host genotypes to identify the transcriptional alterations that enable bacteria to survive within this key microenvironment. Using pharmacological and genetic interventions, we find that neutrophils within mature, necrotic granulomas promote bacterial growth, in part through up-regulation of the bacterial

Indexed as

GranulomaMycobacterium tuberculosisNeutrophilsRNA-SeqTranscription, GeneticTuberculosisAnimalsGene Expression Regulation, BacterialHumansNecrosisZebrafish

Identifiers

PMID41564181
PMCPMC12822655

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.