Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41563908›Full record

ArticleJournal of synchrotron radiation2026

Defocused illumination with beam-shaping condenser for uniform wide-field X-ray imaging.

Kuanqiang Zhang, Yijue Luo, Yunfan Di, Chenfei Guo, Changhao Li, Menghui He, Chao Zhang, Fangfang Peng, Wen Liu, Zhao Wu and 3 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of synchrotron radiation, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Kuanqiang ZhangNational Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230029, People's Republic of China.
Yijue LuoNational Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230029, People's Republic of China.
Yunfan DiNational Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230029, People's Republic of China.
Chenfei GuoNational Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230029, People's Republic of China.
Changhao LiNational Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230029, People's Republic of China.
Menghui HeNational Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230029, People's Republic of China.
Chao ZhangNational Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230029, People's Republic of China.
Fangfang PengNational Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230029, People's Republic of China.
Wen LiuHefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China.
Zhao WuNational Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230029, People's Republic of China.
Yong GuanNational Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230029, People's Republic of China.ORCID 0000-0002-7596-3114
Yangchao TianNational Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230029, People's Republic of China.
Gang LiuNational Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230029, People's Republic of China.

Funding

Chinese Academy of Sciences PTYQ2024YZ0012National Natural Science Foundation of China 12475326
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The beam-shaping condenser (BSC) has become a key optical component in X-ray microscopy, providing a wide field of view with stable and uniform illumination. However, alternating bright and dark fringes often appear at the focal spot, compromising illumination uniformity. To elucidate the formation mechanism of these diffraction fringes, this study conducted theoretical analyses and numerical simulations. Based on this, a defocused illumination approach was developed to alter the focal positions and spatial relative phases of the sub-gratings, thereby enhancing illumination uniformity. The influence of defocused illumination on fringe patterns and intensity distribution was systematically investigated. To validate this approach, a BSC with a Fresnel number of 20 and a 60 µm × 60 µm field of view was fabricated and tested at the soft X-ray imaging beamline of the Hefei Light Source. Experimental results demonstrate that the device achieves uniform top-hat illumination across the full field, effectively suppressing diffraction-induced artifacts. This work offers an efficient and practical approach for achieving wide-field uniform illumination in X-ray microscopy.

Indexed as

beam-shaping condenserdefocused illuminationdiffraction fringes

Identifiers

PMID41563908
PMCPMC12948014

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.