Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41563523›Full record

SynthesisJournal of neuro-oncology2026

A systematic review of stereotactic radiosurgery for pituitary metastases.

Trent Kite, Nikitha Harikumar, Stephen Jaffee, Henry Knox, John Herbst, Stephen Karlovits, Alexander Yu, Jody Leonardo, Rodney E Wegner, Matthew J Shepard

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Journal of neuro-oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Trent KiteDepartment of Neurosurgery, Allegheny Health Network, Neuroscience Institute, 320 E North Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15212, USA.
Nikitha HarikumarDrexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Stephen JaffeeDepartment of Neurosurgery, Allegheny Health Network, Neuroscience Institute, 320 E North Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15212, USA.
Henry KnoxEdward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Spartanburg, SC, USA.
John HerbstDivision of Oncology, Allegheny Health Network Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Stephen KarlovitsDivision of Radiation Oncology, Allegheny Health Network Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Alexander YuDepartment of Neurosurgery, Allegheny Health Network, Neuroscience Institute, 320 E North Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15212, USA.
Jody LeonardoDepartment of Neurosurgery, Allegheny Health Network, Neuroscience Institute, 320 E North Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15212, USA.
Rodney E WegnerDivision of Radiation Oncology, Allegheny Health Network Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Matthew J ShepardDepartment of Neurosurgery, Allegheny Health Network, Neuroscience Institute, 320 E North Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15212, USA. matthew.shepard@ahn.org.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPituitary gland metastases (PGM) are extremely rare, and their ideal management is poorly defined. Radiosurgery for PGM may obviate the need for tumor excision, decreasing surgical morbidity in a patient population with an otherwise life-limiting illness. Given this, we sought to summarize existing literature on outcomes of PGM treated with stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS).

methodsA systematic review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA). PubMed and Science Direct databases were queried from their inception through November 2025. The search phrase “((Stereotactic radiosurgery OR SRS OR radiosurgery) AND (Pituitary metastases))” was applied without any search filters. The primary outcome of interest was local tumor control (LC) with an aggregate local tumor control (LC) point estimate derived by calculating a weighted average across selected studies. Additional outcomes of interest were, post-SRS endocrinological function, and cranial nerve deficits.

resultsEight studies encompassing 119 patients with PGM treated with SRS were reviewed. A median tumor volume and diameter of 2.35 cm3, and 2.2 cm respectively was treated with a median prescription dose of 13.0 Gy. The dose delivered to the optic apparatus was <10 Gy in 85.7% of studies. The pooled local control rate following SRS was 90% (95% CI: 75%-99%) over a median follow up of 7 months. A pooled median survival estimate of 14 months (range: 5.2-30.0) was demonstrated. Diabetes insipidus, hypopituitarism, and cranial nerve deficits either improved or were stable following SRS in 50.0%, 53.6%, and 75.0% of patients respectively.

conclusionSRS affords high LC in the setting of PGM. Despite this, survival is poor and likely depends on systemic disease control. A multidisciplinary approach incorporating SRS represents a promising option for this patient population. Further characterization of optimal radiosurgical parameters is warranted.

Indexed as

Pituitary NeoplasmsRadiosurgeryHumansTreatment OutcomeCyberknifeGamma knifeMetastasesPituitaryStereotactic radiosurgery

Identifiers

PMID41563523
PMCPMC12823683

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.