ArticlePsychiatry and clinical psychopharmacology2025
Effects of Buspirone Combined with Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy on Emotional Improvement, Sleep Quality, and Serum Cortisol Level in Patients with Generalized Anxiety Disorder.
Article in Psychiatry and clinical psychopharmacology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Buspirone shows a certain efficacy in patients with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), but its combination therapy with mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) remains unclear. To compare buspirone + MBCT versus buspirone alone for GAD in a retrospective cohort. Methods: According to the treatment regimens, patients were assigned to the experimental group (n = 50) to receive 120 minutes of MBCT sessions per week plus buspirone, or the control group (n = 50) to receive buspirone only. Comprehensive evaluations were conducted at 5 time points (baseline (Week 0, W0), W1, W2, W4, and W8), including clinician-rated measures (Hamilton Anxiety Scale [HAMA]), self-reported symptoms (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale - Anxiety [HADS-A]), sleep parameters (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index [PSQI] and Athens Insomnia Scale [AIS]), and morning serum cortisol levels (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; μg/mL). Group-by-time effects were modeled with repeated-measures mixed models; 2-sided α = 0.05. Results: The combination therapy demonstrated superior outcomes across all measures from W1 onward (all P < .05). By W8, the experimental group showed significantly greater reductions in HAMA (6.1 ± 1.5 vs. 10.1 ± 1.8, P < .001), HADS-A (4.2 ± 1.6 vs. 5.6 ± 1.8, P < .001), PSQI (5.1 ± 2.0 vs. 7.2 ± 2.2, P < .001), and AIS (2.6 ± 1.5 vs. 3.9 ± 1.6, P < .001). Cortisol levels decreased more substantially in the combination group (209.8 ± 33.1 μg/dL vs. 264.0 ± 48.5 μg/dL, P < .001). Treatment effects emerged rapidly, with significant differences in HAMA (P < .001) and cortisol (P < .001) evident by W1. Adverse events were mild and comparable. Conclusion: Adding MBCT to buspirone was associated with faster and greater clinical and biomarker improvements; prospective randomized trials are warranted.
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