ArticleFrontiers in oncology2025
Hyperthermic intravesical chemotherapy with gemcitabine versus Bacillus Calmette-Guerin in intermediate- and high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer.
Article in Frontiers in oncology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: The recurrence rate remains high in patients with intermediate- and high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), and some patients may experience disease progression despite curative trans-urethral resection and adjuvant therapy. Objective: To compare the outcomes of intermediate- and high-risk NMIBC patients treated with Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) versus hyperthermic intravesical chemotherapy (HIVEC) with gemcitabine (GEM). Methods: A retrospective analysis of our single-institutional, prospectively collected database from July 2018 to February 2020 was performed. Patients with intermediate- and high-risk NMIBC and treated with HIVEC/GEM or BCG were selected. The two adjuvant therapies were compared in terms of recurrence-free survival (RFS), progress-free survival (PFS), and cancer-specific survival (CSS) at 24 months. Adverse events were also assessed and compared between groups. Results: A total of 85 patients (38 in the HIVEC/GEM group and 47 in the BCG group) were included in the study. Patients' characteristics were comparable between groups. There were no statistically significant differences in RFS (78.0% for HIVEC/GEM versus 75.0% for BCG, Conclusions: Among patients with intermediate- and high-risk NMIBC, hyperthermic intravesical chemotherapy combined with gemcitabine, compared with BCG treatment, significantly reduced the adverse events rate without compromising oncological survival outcomes. The primary limitations of this study are its small sample size and retrospective nature.
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