ReviewAntibody therapeutics2026
Bispecific and multispecific T-cell engagers: advancing the future of immunotherapy.
Review in Antibody therapeutics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Cardiac Risk Without a Roadmap: Lack of Evidence-Based Guidance for Cardiovascular Toxicity of T-Cell Redirecting Therapies.Current oncology reports · 2026Review
- Evolving Therapeutic Algorithms in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Integrating Efficacy, Safety, and Survivorship.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- T-cell engagers in cancer immunotherapy: mechanisms, challenges, and future perspectives.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- A New Paradigm of Bispecific Antibodies in Clinical Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers.Oncology research · 2026Review
- Non-Malignant T Cells as Determinants of Immunotherapeutic Response in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Towards Personalized Strategies.Oncology research · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
T-cell engagers (TCEs) represent an emerging class of immunotherapies that harness T cells' cytotoxic power to eliminate diseased cells-a transformative future therapeutic strategy. TCEs form immunological synapses to trigger potent immune responses, with proven efficacy in blood cancers; research expands their use to solid tumors via innovative molecular design and improved safety profiles. Beyond oncology, TCEs hold promise in autoimmune disorders by eliminating autoreactive cells, offering novel avenues for diseases like lupus. However, achieving optimal outcomes without disrupting immune homeostasis remains a challenge. Key obstacles-on-target off-tumor toxicity, cytokine release syndrome, tumor antigen loss, and T cell exhaustion-limit broader adoption. Current research addresses these via enhanced specificity, optimized design, improved druggability, and synergistic combinations. This review analyzes TCEs' mechanisms, challenges, innovations and applications, highlights our pipeline advances, and advocates sustained innovation to broaden TCE use across diseases.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.