Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41560988›Full record

ArticleLearning health systems2026

Exploring Factors That Impact Genetic Counseling Referral and Uptake Using Learning Health Approaches.

Samantha Greenberg, Bob Wong, Katherine A Sward, Kathleen A Cooney, Jonathan Tward, Andrew Post, Mollie R Cummins

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Learning health systems, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Samantha GreenbergDepartment of Health Care Sciences UT Southwestern Medical Center Dallas Texas USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4994-4793
Bob WongCollege of Nursing University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah USA.
Katherine A SwardCollege of Nursing University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah USA.
Kathleen A CooneyDepartment of Medicine Duke University School of Medicine Durham North Carolina USA.
Jonathan TwardHuntsman Cancer Institute University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah USA.
Andrew PostDepartment of Biomedical Informatics, Spencer Fox Eccles School of Medicine University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah USA.
Mollie R CumminsCollege of Nursing University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Germline testing and pretest genetic counseling are advised for many cancer patients, yet not all receive these services. Electronic Health Records (EHRs) offer a valuable resource to measure referral to genetic counseling (referral receipt) and uptake (completion of counseling). This study uses EHR data to assess demographic factors influencing genetic counseling referral and uptake among prostate cancer patients, serving as a learning health system model. Methods: We included prostate cancer patients who met germline testing and counseling criteria at an NCI-designated cancer center from January 1, 2018, to June 30, 2022. Demographic factors-age at diagnosis, race, employment, insurance, and geographic region-were assessed for associations with genetic counseling referral and uptake. Analyses involved descriptive statistics, two-group comparisons, and regression models. Results: Among 356 prostate cancer patients, only 34.2% received genetic counseling referrals, and of these, 73% completed a counseling visit. Older patients were less likely to receive referrals (OR = 0.93, 95% CI [0.89-0.97]) and complete visits (OR = 0.92, 95% CI [0.87-0.96]). Patients employed full-time were more likely to receive referrals (39.2% vs. 23.1%; Conclusion: This study demonstrates the potential of EHRs to identify demographic disparities in genetic counseling services. Using a learning health system approach, healthcare institutions can leverage EHR data to design targeted interventions aimed at improving access and reducing disparities in genetic services, ultimately enhancing patient outcomes.

Indexed as

genetic counselinglearning health systemprostate cancer

Identifiers

PMID41560988
PMCPMC12812490

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.