Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41560814›Full record

ReviewMaterials today. Bio2026

Metal-based nanomaterials achieve tumor treatment strategies by overcoming the blood-brain barrier of glioma and responding to the tumor microenvironment.

Jiaxin Wang, Junwei Xie, Yuejuan Liu, Rui Ding, Sen Mu, Dongkai Wang, Ji Li

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Materials today. Bio, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Jiaxin WangDepartment of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China.
Junwei XieDeparment of Thoracic Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110042, China.
Yuejuan LiuDepartment of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China.
Rui DingDepartment of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China.
Sen MuDepartment of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China.
Dongkai WangDepartment of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China.
Ji LiDepartment of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Glioblastoma (GBM) continues to be the most lethal form of primary brain tumor. Therapeutic efficacy is significantly hindered by the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the complex tumor microenvironment (TME), both of which contribute to the development of drug resistance. Metal-based nanomaterials have demonstrated considerable promise as therapeutic agents capable of overcoming these critical barriers. This article provides a systematic review of recent advances in the development of TME-responsive metal-based nanomaterials for GBM diagnosis and treatment. To accomplish controlled drug release, enhance imaging performance, and enable synergistic therapeutic approaches-including chemodynamic therapy (CDT), piezodynamic therapy (PZDT), gene therapy, and immunotherapy (IMT), and so on-the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in supporting treatment strategies is also examined. The discussion highlights how these nanomaterials are engineered to exploit distinctive features of the TME. Furthermore, targeted functionalization strategies designed to improve penetration across the BBB are analyzed. Finally, a critical evaluation of translational challenges and potential clinical applications is presented, offering insights that could advance a new paradigm in GBM therapy.

Indexed as

Antitumor agentsBlood-brain barrierGlioblastomaMetal-based nanomaterialsTreatment integrationTumor microenvironment

Identifiers

PMID41560814
PMCPMC12813366

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.