ArticleJournal of cannabis research2026
Melatonin mitigates hormonal toxicity in cannabis-treated female Wistar rats: involvement of cannabinoid receptor.
Article in Journal of cannabis research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Melatonin as a protector against endocrine disruption across tissues: A systematic review.Physiological reports · 2026Pooled it
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Abstract
backgroundConsumption of Cannabis sativa (CS), a well known psychoactive substance may impose threat on the hormonal activities of the body, hence, a protective measure is needed to prevent this threat. This study investigates the effects of melatonin and CS together with its receptors (cannabinoid receptors 1 and 2) on hormonal toxicity in female rats.
methodsFifty female rats were assigned into ten groups of five animals each, such that the rats in groups 1,2,3,4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 received orally 1mL distilled water, 2 mg/kg of ethanolic extract of Cannabis sativa (EECS), 2 mg/kg of cannabinoid one receptor (CB1R) blocker (rimonabant hydrochloride), 2 mg/kg of cannabinoid two receptor (CB2R) blocker (am630), 2 mg/kg of CB1R blocker + 2 mg/kg of EECS, 2 mg/kg of CB2R blocker + 2 mg/kg of EECS,2 mg/kg of CB1R blocker + 2 mg/kg of CB2R blocker + 2 mg/kg of EECS,4 mg/kg of melatonin,2 mg/kg of CB1R blocker + 2 mg/kg of EECS + 4 mg/kg of melatoninand2mg/kg of CB2R blocker + 2 mg/kg of EECS + 4 mg/kg of melatonin, respectively for 14 days. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol (E), progesterone, and prolactin were quantified according to the instruction provided by assay kit manufacturers, using microplateimmunoenzymometric (EMA/ELISA) assays.
resultsCS significantly (p < 0.05) decrease GnRH, FSH, LH, E, progesterone, and prolactin levels respectively when compared with the control. However, blockage of either cannabinoid receptors 1 or 2 significantly (p < 0.05) increase the levels of all these reproductive hormones when compared to the CS-treated group. Although, that of the former was more than the latter. All these effects were ameliorated by melatonin when the cannabinoid receptors (1 and 2) were stimulated and blocked.
conclusionThis study concluded that the gonadotoxic effects of CS could be mediated by endocrine disruption caused by cannabinoid receptors 1 and 2. In addition, CB1 primarily disrupts hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. Thereby causing more hormonal toxicity than CB2 which mainly influence hormonal imbalance indirectly through immune modulation. However, these effects could be ameliorated by melatonin. The study suggests that melatonin could be used as a supplement to prevent the gonadotoxic effects of CS.
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