Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41559719›Full record

ArticleDiabetology & metabolic syndrome2026

Polygenic risk and air pollution trends in relation to type 2 diabetes: evidence from the Taiwan Biobank.

Osama Aziz, Bing-Fang Hwang, Ai-Ru Hsieh, Chau-Ren Jung

Erratum issuedAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Diabetology & metabolic syndrome, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Osama AzizDepartment of Public Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 100, Sec. 1, Jingmao Rd. Beitun Dist., Taichung, 406040, Taiwan.
Bing-Fang HwangDepartment of Occupational Safety and Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
Ai-Ru HsiehDepartment of Statistics, National Taipei University, No.151, University Rd., San Shia District, New Taipei, 23741, Taiwan. arhsieh@gm.ntpu.edu.tw.
Chau-Ren JungDepartment of Public Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 100, Sec. 1, Jingmao Rd. Beitun Dist., Taichung, 406040, Taiwan. crjung@mail.cmu.edu.tw.

Funding

China Medical University, Taiwan CMU111-MF-109Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan MOST 110-2314-B-039-005-MY2
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundBoth genetic predisposition and air pollution may lead to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). However, the synergistic effects of gene by environment interactions between air pollution exposure and genetic susceptibility to T2D remain underexplored in Asian populations. This study assessed the association between air pollutants, including fine particulate matter (PM

methodsData were obtained from 104,554 participants in the Taiwan Biobank. Air pollutant concentrations were estimated using satellite-based models, and long-term trends were represented by slopes derived from linear regression models. The PRS for T2D was constructed from East Asian-specific genome-wide association study summary statistics (AGEN consortium) using the clumping and thresholding method. Logistic regression models were applied to examine associations of T2D with air pollution and PRS, expressed as odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Additive interaction was evaluated using the relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI), and multiplicative interaction was tested via cross-product terms in logistic models.

resultsEvery 1 µg/m

conclusionsBoth worsening PM

Indexed as

Air pollutionGene-Environment interactionPM2.5Polygenic risk scoresTaiwan biobankType 2 diabetes mellitus

Identifiers

PMID41559719
PMCPMC12905863

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.