ArticleJournal of natural medicines2026
Quantitative determination of galacturonic-glycyrrhizin in Kampo medicines containing Glycyrrhiza: a glucuronide involved in gastrointestinal production of glycyrrhetinic acid.
Article in Journal of natural medicines, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Clinical risk factors of licorice-induced pseudohyperaldosteronism: a 2026-updated narrative review.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) and glycyrrhizin (GL), active ingredients derived from Glycyrrhiza, Glycyrrhizae Radix (The Japanese Pharmacopia), exhibit various pharmacological effects, such as anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic activities, and a side effect of licorice-induced pseudoaldosteronism. GA is also produced as a metabolite of GL in gastrointestinal bacterial flora when Glycyrrhiza-containing Kampo medicines are orally administered. The present study aimed to confirm that a galacturonic-glycyrrhizin (gala-GL), an analog of GL contained in Glycyrrhiza, contributes to gastrointestinal GA production as well as GL. Gala-GL was hydrolyzed to GA by the intestinal flora, although the hydrolysis rate was slower than that of GL. This is the first report to reveal hydrolyzation of gala-GL into GA in the intestinal flora. The gala-GL content in the 16 Kampo extracts containing 1.0-4.0 g/daily dose of Glycyrrhiza and 8 commercially available Shakuyakukanzoto (SKT) products containing 2.0-4.8 g/daily dose of Glycyrrhiza were 2.2-9.5 and 2.9-7.2 mg/daily dose, respectively. The gala-GL contents corresponded to 7.3-10.9% and 8.0-9.4% of the total GL contents (sum of GL and gala-GL) for the Kampo extracts and SKT products, respectively. These results suggest that gala-GL also can be as sources of gastrointestinal GA, although the contents in Glycyrrhiza-containing Kampo medicines and the hydrolytic rate of conversion to GA in intestinal bacterial flora were much smaller than those of GL.
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