Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41559436›Full record

ArticleArchives of sexual behavior2026

Problematic Pornography Use and Psychological Distress in the USA: A Nationally Representative Study.

Robin Engelhardt, Jürgen Maes, Joshua B Grubbs, Dominik Trommer, Shane W Kraus

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Archives of sexual behavior, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Robin EngelhardtInstitute for Psychology, Faculty of Human Sciences, Bundeswehr University Munich, Werner-Heisenberg-Weg 39, 85579, Neubiberg, Germany. robin.engelhardt@unibw.de.ORCID 0009-0006-8300-8252
Jürgen MaesInstitute for Psychology, Faculty of Human Sciences, Bundeswehr University Munich, Werner-Heisenberg-Weg 39, 85579, Neubiberg, Germany.ORCID 0009-0008-2276-098X
Joshua B GrubbsDepartment of Psychology, Center On Alcohol, Substance Use, and Addictions, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2642-1351
Dominik TrommerInstitute for Psychology, Faculty of Human Sciences, Bundeswehr University Munich, Werner-Heisenberg-Weg 39, 85579, Neubiberg, Germany.ORCID 0009-0000-1423-4252
Shane W KrausDepartment of Psychology, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0404-9480

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Problematic pornography use (PPU) is a widespread phenomenon in the USA. Recent research suggests PPU to be related to psychological symptoms. Little is known about these associations on a national level and even less about potential interactions with frequencies of pornography use and masturbation. This study utilized a large representative sample (n = 2,773; 53.7% women; 85.1% heterosexual) of US men and women. We tested associations with PPU as well as interaction effects between mental distress (i.e., anxiety and depression), loneliness, and frequencies of pornography use and masturbation. All study variables displayed statistically significant positive correlations with PPU. Interaction effects between loneliness and pornography use frequency (β = 0.10) and between mental distress and masturbation frequency (β = 0.11) in predicting PPU were found. PPU relates to symptoms of anxiety, depression, and loneliness in US men and women. Individuals who experience loneliness with pornography use and mental distress with masturbation may be specifically vulnerable to PPU. Further research is needed to examine these associations and effects in longitudinal designs.

Indexed as

Behavior, AddictiveEroticaMasturbationPsychological DistressStress, PsychologicalAdolescentAdultAnxietyDepressionFemaleHumansLonelinessMaleMiddle AgedUnited StatesYoung AdultAddictive behaviorAnxietyDepressionLonelinessProblematic pornography use

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.