Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41559394›Full record

ArticleAesthetic plastic surgery2026

Antibiotics in Septorhinoplasty: Routine Necessity or Unnecessary Precaution? A Nationwide Propensity-Score Matched Retrospective Cohort Study.

Morvarid Mehdizadeh, Lacey Foster, Justin J Cordero, Dorien I Schonebaum, Noelle C Garbaccio, Jade E Smith, Agustin N Posso, Audrey K Mustoe, Micaela Tobin, Samuel J Lin

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Aesthetic plastic surgery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Morvarid Mehdizadeh *Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 110 Francis St, Suite 5A, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
Lacey Foster *Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 110 Francis St, Suite 5A, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
Justin J CorderoDivision of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 110 Francis St, Suite 5A, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
Dorien I SchonebaumDivision of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 110 Francis St, Suite 5A, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
Noelle C GarbaccioDivision of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 110 Francis St, Suite 5A, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
Jade E SmithDivision of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 110 Francis St, Suite 5A, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
Agustin N PossoDivision of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 110 Francis St, Suite 5A, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
Audrey K MustoeDivision of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 110 Francis St, Suite 5A, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
Micaela TobinDivision of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 110 Francis St, Suite 5A, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
Samuel J LinDivision of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 110 Francis St, Suite 5A, Boston, MA, 02215, USA. sjlin@bidmc.harvard.edu.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe nasal cavity's natural bacterial flora poses a risk for postoperative infections, prompting surgeons to administer prophylactic antibiotics during septorhinoplasty. However, this practice's effectiveness is debated due to concerns about antibiotic resistance and variability in practice. This study leverages a large nationwide database to evaluate the impact of perioperative antibiotics on infection, cellulitis, and sepsis rates following septorhinoplasty.

methodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted to identify patients undergoing septorhinoplasty using the TriNetX network, querying 133 million US medical records over 20 years. Outcomes up to three months post-surgery were compared between those administered antibiotics within one day before or on the day of surgery and those that were not. Antibiotics included cefazolin, amoxicillin, clindamycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, and cephalexin. Propensity score matching was performed on demographics, tobacco use, and other immune-related comorbidities (diabetes mellitus, human immunodeficiency virus, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, liver cirrhosis, chronic kidney disease, chronic systemic steroids, and chemotherapy status). Infection, cellulitis, and sepsis risks were compared across cohorts.

results14,760 septorhinoplasty patients were identified who received perioperative antibiotics, and 4,640 patients that did not. After propensity score matching, 4,086 patients remained in each cohort. There was no significant difference in infection risk (RR 1.110, p = 0.812) or cellulitis (RR 1.180, p = 0.565). No cases of sepsis were reported in either cohort.

conclusionProphylactic antibiotics did not significantly reduce the risk of infection, cellulitis, or sepsis in septorhinoplasty patients. Future research is required to optimize evidence-based guidelines on antibiotic use in elective nasal surgeries. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .

Indexed as

Anti-Bacterial AgentsAntibiotic ProphylaxisNasal SeptumRhinoplastySurgical Wound InfectionAdultCohort StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPropensity ScoreRetrospective StudiesRisk AssessmentTreatment OutcomeUnited StatesAnti-Bacterial AgentsAntibiotic prophylaxisAntimicrobial resistanceEvidence-based guidelinesInfection preventionRhinoplastySeptorhinoplasty

Identifiers

PMID41559394

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.