ArticleMikrochimica acta2026
Polyvinylpyrrolidone-modified iron single-atom nanozymes: preparation and application to highly sensitive immunomagnetic bead assay for tetracycline detection.
Article in Mikrochimica acta, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
A one-pot method was adopted to prepare polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-modified iron single-atom nanozymes (FeSANs) as signal amplification probes, establishing a rapid and sensitive immunomagnetic bead assay (IMBA) for tetracycline (TC) detection. After optimization, Fe10-ZIF-8@PVP demonstrated the highest oxidase-like and peroxidase-like activities in comparison with Fe5-ZIF-8@PVP, Fe20-ZIF-8@PVP, and Fe10-ZIF-8. The Michaelis-Menten constants (Km) for the substrates 3,3’,5,5’-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) were measured as 0.31 mM and 0.67 mM, respectively. The Fe10-ZIF-8@PVP-assisted IMBAs demonstrated the highest sensitivity, achieving a limit of detection (LOD) as low as 0.196 ng/mL, The sensitivity was enhanced by 48-fold compared to conventional ELISA. Furthermore, the Fe10-ZIF-8@PVP-based IMBA was successfully applied to analyze honey, milk, water and soil samples, yielding recoveries of 97.3% to 109.3%, 92.5% to 105.6%, 89.1% to 108.5% and 93.5% to 107.8%, respectively. Practical analysis of environmental samples revealed TC residues not exceeding regulatory limits, with concentrations above the detection limit found only in three of 32 samples analzed (i.e. 0.43 ng/ml, 1.24 ng/ml, and 0.36 ng/ml in one of the honey, milk and water samples, respectively). This method offers a highly sensitive, rapid, and cost-effective alternative to conventional ELISA for antibiotic detection in food safety.
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