Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41559171›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2026

Soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitory constituents from the Heartwood of Toxicodendron vernicifluum: isolation, kinetic characterization, molecular modeling, and quantitative analysis.

Jang Hoon Kim, Jae-Young Cheon, Jin Yu, Yong-Goo Kim, Sung Yeon Kim, Kyong-Hwan Bang, Jin Tae Jeong, Hyun-Ju Jung, Ik Soo Lee

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Identification of Anti-Viral Compounds fromJournal of microbiology and biotechnology · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Jang Hoon KimDepartment of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA, Eumsung, Chungbuk, 27709, Republic of Korea.
Jae-Young CheonDepartment of Oriental Pharmacy and Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Sinyong-dong, Iksan, 570-749, Republic of Korea.
Jin YuDepartment of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA, Eumsung, Chungbuk, 27709, Republic of Korea.
Yong-Goo KimDepartment of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA, Eumsung, Chungbuk, 27709, Republic of Korea.
Sung Yeon KimDepartment of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA, Eumsung, Chungbuk, 27709, Republic of Korea.
Kyong-Hwan BangDepartment of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA, Eumsung, Chungbuk, 27709, Republic of Korea.
Jin Tae JeongDepartment of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA, Eumsung, Chungbuk, 27709, Republic of Korea.
Hyun-Ju JungDepartment of Oriental Pharmacy and Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Sinyong-dong, Iksan, 570-749, Republic of Korea. hyun104@wku.ac.kr.
Ik Soo LeeKm Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea. knifer48@kiom.re.kr.

Funding

Cooperative Research Program of the Rural Development Administration RS-2022-RD010239Grant from the Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine KSN2225021
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) is a pivotal therapeutic target for inflammation management, as it regulates the hydrolysis of anti-inflammatory epoxy fatty acids (EpFAs). In this study, we investigated the sEH inhibitory potential of Toxicodendron vernicifluum (Stokes) F.A. Barkley heartwood. Bioactivity-guided fractionation of the ethanol extract identified the ethyl acetate-soluble fraction as the most active fraction (~ 60% inhibition at 50 µg/mL). Subsequent purification yielded 11 polyphenols, all of which are known compounds previously reported from this species. While these are known phytochemicals, this study represents the first characterization of their inhibitory kinetics against sEH. Among the isolates, the aurone sulfuretin (7) and the flavonol fisetin (5) emerged as potent competitive inhibitors with IC50 values of 8.8 ± 0.3 µM and 9.6 ± 0.8 µM, respectively. Conversely, the chalcone butein (9) exhibited a distinct non-competitive mode of inhibition (IC50 = 21.4 ± 1.5 µM). Computational analyses, including molecular docking and 100 ns molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, elucidated the structural basis of these interactions. The simulations confirmed the stable engagement of sulfuretin within the catalytic pocket via hydrogen bonds with Asp335 and Tyr383, whereas docking studies indicated that butein occupies a peripheral allosteric site. These findings demonstrate that T. vernicifluum heartwood is a promising source of sEH inhibitors with dual mechanisms of action, highlighting its potential for development into anti-inflammatory therapeutics.

Indexed as

Enzyme InhibitorsEpoxide HydrolasesPlant ExtractsWoodFlavonoidsKineticsModels, MolecularMolecular Docking SimulationPolyphenolsEnzyme InhibitorsEpoxide HydrolasesFlavonoidsPlant ExtractsPolyphenolsCompetitive inhibitorFlavonoidMolecular dockingSoluble epoxide hydrolaseToxicodendron vernicifluum

Identifiers

PMID41559171
PMCPMC12894659

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.