Low temperature and rapid photothermal oxidation of liquid gallium for circular hydrogen production.

Luis G B Campos, Francois-Marie Allioux, Gustavo Fimbres Weihs, Sarina Sarina, Anthony P O'Mullane, Torben Daeneke, Richard B Kaner, Kourosh Kalantar-Zadeh

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Article in Nature communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed

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1 · What the graph read from it

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2 · The registry

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Luis G B CamposSchool of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0002-5232-5774

Francois-Marie AlliouxSchool of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. f.allioux@sydney.edu.au.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0973-5110

Gustavo Fimbres WeihsSchool of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6509-1156

Sarina SarinaSchool of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1559-0456

Anthony P O'MullaneSchool of Chemistry and Physics, Faculty of Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9294-5180

Torben DaenekeSchool of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1142-8646

Richard B KanerDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0345-4924

Kourosh Kalantar-ZadehSchool of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. kourosh.kalantarzadeh@sydney.edu.au.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6109-132X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Hydrogen is a clean energy carrier with significant promises for a sustainable future, yet many established production routes operate under undesirable conditions or constraints, motivating the search for alternative production pathways. Here, our approach uses photothermal oxidation of liquid gallium to generate hydrogen from both freshwater and seawater. The exposure to light thermally heats up liquid gallium droplets to a temperature suitable for fast gallium-water interaction, producing gallium oxyhydroxide and hydrogen. The light exposure also boosts the reaction by breaking the oxide layer on the surface of liquid gallium immersed in water, allowing continuous interactions between the water molecules and the surface of liquid gallium droplets. The gallium oxyhydroxide that is produced can be electrochemically reduced, allowing metal regeneration, thereby enabling circular hydrogen production. In this work, we show that photothermal activation of liquid gallium provides a rapid and circular route for generating hydrogen from diverse water sources.

Identifiers

PMID41559056

DOI10.1038/s41467-026-68664-1

PMCPMC12923508

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.