Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41557956›Full record

ArticleJournal of clinical psychology2026

Ingredients for Success: What Clients and Informal Caregivers Value in Depression Treatment A Concept Mapping Study.

Reine M D Ramaekers, Dyllis A van Dijk, Marja Y Veenstra, Koen R J Schruers, Suzanne C van Bronswijk, Nicole K Leibold

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of clinical psychology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Reine M D RamaekersResearch, Institute for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Science, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.ORCID 0009-0008-2429-3860
Dyllis A van DijkParnassia Psychiatric Institute, PsyQ, The Hague, the Netherlands.
Marja Y VeenstraBurgerkracht Limburg, Sittard, the Netherlands.
Koen R J SchruersResearch, Institute for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Science, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
Suzanne C van BronswijkResearch, Institute for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Science, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
Nicole K LeiboldResearch, Institute for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Science, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.

Funding

ZonMw
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesEffective treatments are available for major depressive disorder; however, treatment efficacy is less pronounced in real-life settings compared to research. One reason for this discrepancy may be that treatment outcomes assessed in research do not fully reflect domains important to treatment recipients: clients and their informal caregivers. Moreover, studies often struggle to assess the impact of process-related factors on treatment success. More research incorporating client and informal caregiver perspectives is therefore needed to identify what they consider essential for a successful treatment.

methodsGroup Concept Mapping was employed to elicit insights from clients and informal caregivers regarding their experiences with depression treatment. Twenty-one participants brainstormed in response to the statement: "Successful depression treatment requires…". Subsequently, 32 participants sorted the identified factors into meaningful groups and rated their importance to treatment success.

resultsParticipants generated 79 unique responses in the brainstorm. They sorted these responses into 10 clusters: "The client", "Treatment process", "Treatment organisation", "Interaction client clinician", "The clinician", "Clinician's adherence to good practice", "Drug treatment", "Pre-condition", "Supporting activities", and "Supportive work and home life". Most clusters were considered important.

conclusionThese findings support the idea of using multivariate and multimodal models for understanding treatment success. Participants attributed the therapeutic alliance as more clinician-driven than client-driven. A combination of factors related to treatment organization, treatment elements, and guideline adherence emerged as a core concept to successful treatment. Recommendations include increasing clinician awareness of perceptions of the therapeutic alliance and utilizing the findings to guide treatment discussions.

Indexed as

CaregiversMajor Depressive DisorderAdultAgedFemaleHumansMaleMiddle Agedclientsconcept mappingdepression treatmentinformal caregiversmixed methodstreatment success

Identifiers

PMID41557956
PMCPMC12965048

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.