Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41557601›Full record

ArticleAnesthesiology2026

Perspectives of Children, Parents, and Healthcare Providers on Outcomes after Anesthesia for Surgery: An International Mixed Methods Stakeholder Engagement Study from the Pediatric Perioperative Outcomes Group.

Britta S von Ungern-Sternberg, Aine Sommerfield, Caroline O'Brien, Andrew J Davidson, Tania A Ramos, Susan M Goobie, Yun-Xia Zuo, Lei Yang, Heidi M Meyer, Elsa M Taylor and 7 more

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Article in Anesthesiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors.

Britta S von Ungern-SternbergPerioperative Medicine Team, The Kids Research Institute Australia, Nedlands, Australia; Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Medicine, Perth Children's Hospital, Child and Adolescent Health Service, Nedlands, Australia; Institute for Paediatric Perioperative Excellence, and Division of Emergency Medicine, Anaesthesia and Pain Medicine, Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-8043-8541
Aine SommerfieldPerioperative Medicine Team, The Kids Research Institute Australia, Nedlands, Australia; Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Medicine, Perth Children's Hospital, Child and Adolescent Health Service, Nedlands, Australia; Institute for Paediatric Perioperative Excellence, and Division of Emergency Medicine, Anaesthesia and Pain Medicine, Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
Caroline O'BrienMixed Methods Research Laboratory, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadephia, Pennsylvania.
Andrew J DavidsonDepartment of Anaesthesia, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia; Melbourne Children's Trials Centre, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia; Departments of Critical Care and Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
Tania A RamosRoyal Children's Hospital, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
Susan M GoobieDepartment of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
Yun-Xia ZuoDepartment of Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Lei YangDepartment of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China.
Heidi M MeyerDivision of Paediatric Anesthesia, Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Elsa M TaylorDepartment of Anaesthesia, Starship Children's Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand.
Simon D WhyteDepartment of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Wallis T MuhlyDepartment of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Jurgen C de GraaffDepartment of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; Department of Anesthesiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Charlotte van DeuzenDepartment of Anesthesiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, Ikazia Ziekenhuis, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Peidad C EcheverryDepartment of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Instituto Roosevelt, Bogota, Colombia.
Paul A StrickerDepartment of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Study Group of Pediatric Perioperative Outcomes Group (PPOG) Investigators

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe authors' international collaboration of researchers and clinicians (the Pediatric Perioperative Outcomes Group) was established to develop core outcome sets for infants, children, and adolescents. Here, the authors report on a qualitative mixed methods study with semistructured interviews of parents/guardians and their children undergoing anesthesia for surgery along with perioperative healthcare providers ( e.g. , nurses, surgeons, and anesthesiologists).

methodsThe authors compared and explored outcomes through a modified grounded theory analysis of interview transcripts to inform the establishment of an internationally recognized core outcome set for pediatric perioperative medicine. In total, 359 semistructured interviews were conducted between June 2021 and July 2022 across 10 study sites in eight countries: the United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, The Netherlands, South Africa, Colombia, and China.

resultsThe authors identified the themes of pain, complications, mental health and emotional state, and environment to be important for all stakeholder groups engaged. Differences were observed between the themes for healthcare providers and patients and parent/guardians. Emotional well-being, pain, and return to daily life may be undervalued in current research outcomes.

conclusionsThe views elicited from these international stakeholder semistructured interviews complement the results of the outcome ratings surveys and provide a broad, objective, and foundational stakeholder perspective to support core outcome selection for pediatric perioperative research. These results may enhance relevance, inclusivity, and person-centeredness of the final outcomes measurement for pediatric perioperative care.

Indexed as

AnesthesiaHealth PersonnelOutcome Assessment, Health CareParentsPerioperative CareStakeholder ParticipationAdolescentChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansInfantMalePediatric Anesthesia

Identifiers

PMID41557601
PMCPMC13089847

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.