Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41556498›Full record

ArticleDatabase : the journal of biological databases and curation2026

A comprehensive database for biological data derived from sewage in five European cities.

Ágnes Becsei, Patrick Munk, Alessandro Fuschi, Saria Otani, József Stéger, Dávid Visontai, Krisztián Papp, Christian Brinch, Ravi Kant, Ilya Weinstein and 25 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Database : the journal of biological databases and curation, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

35 authors.

Ágnes BecseiDepartment of Physics of Complex Systems, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny. 1A, 1117 Budapest, Hungary.ORCID 0000-0001-8567-9216
Patrick MunkNational Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Henrik Dams Allé, Bygning 204, 2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark.
Alessandro FuschiDepartment of Physics and Astronomy (DIFA), University of Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 6/2, Bologna 40127, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-9524-5785
Saria OtaniNational Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Henrik Dams Allé, Bygning 204, 2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark.
József StégerDepartment of Physics of Complex Systems, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny. 1A, 1117 Budapest, Hungary.
Dávid VisontaiDepartment of Physics of Complex Systems, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny. 1A, 1117 Budapest, Hungary.
Krisztián PappDepartment of Physics of Complex Systems, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny. 1A, 1117 Budapest, Hungary.
Christian BrinchNational Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Henrik Dams Allé, Bygning 204, 2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark.
Ravi KantDepartment of Virology, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 3, 00290 Helsinki, Finland.
Ilya WeinsteinDepartment of Virology, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 3, 00290 Helsinki, Finland.
Olli VapalahtiDepartment of Virology, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 3, 00290 Helsinki, Finland.
Miranda de GraafDepartment of Viroscience and Pandemic and Disaster Preparedness Research Centre, ErasmusMC, Wytemaweg 80, 3015CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Claudia M E SchapendonkDepartment of Viroscience and Pandemic and Disaster Preparedness Research Centre, ErasmusMC, Wytemaweg 80, 3015CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Jeroen RoelfsemaCentre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Antonie van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
Maaike van den BeldCentre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Antonie van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
Roan PijnackerCentre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Antonie van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
Eelco FranzCentre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Antonie van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
Patricia AlbaDepartment of General Diagnostics, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana, Via Appia Nuova 1411, Rome 00178, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-9621-0955
Antonio BattistiDepartment of General Diagnostics, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana, Via Appia Nuova 1411, Rome 00178, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-1308-199X
Alessandra De CesareDepartment of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano Emilia (BO), Italy.
Valentina IndioDepartment of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano Emilia (BO), Italy.
Fulvia TrojaDepartment of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano Emilia (BO), Italy.
Tarja SironenDepartment of Virology, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 3, 00290 Helsinki, Finland.
Chiara OliveriDepartment of Physics and Astronomy (DIFA), University of Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 6/2, Bologna 40127, Italy.
Frédérique PasqualiDepartment of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Viale G. Fanin 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy.
Ivan LiachkoPhase Genomics, 1617 8th Ave N, Seattle, WA, United States.
Benjamin AuchPhase Genomics, 1617 8th Ave N, Seattle, WA, United States.ORCID 0000-0003-3125-5797
Colman O'CathailEuropean Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0002-0151-0657
Krisztián BányaiDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, István u. 2, 1078 Budapest, Hungary.
Magdolna MakóFővárosi Csatornázási Művek Zrt., Asztalos Sándor út 4, 1087 Budapest, Hungary.
Péter PollnerData-Driven Health Division of National Laboratory for Health Security, Health Services Management Training Centre, Semmelweis University, Kútvölgyi út 2, 1125 Budapest, Hungary.
Marion KoopmansDepartment of Viroscience and Pandemic and Disaster Preparedness Research Centre, ErasmusMC, Wytemaweg 80, 3015CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-5204-2312
Istvan CsabaiDepartment of Physics of Complex Systems, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny. 1A, 1117 Budapest, Hungary.
Daniel RemondiniDepartment of Physics and Astronomy (DIFA), University of Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 6/2, Bologna 40127, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-3185-7456
Frank M AarestrupNational Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Henrik Dams Allé, Bygning 204, 2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0002-7116-2723

Funding

Gates Foundation INV-044643Horizon 2020 874735National Research, Development and Innovation Office of Hungary NKKP-153428National Research, Development and Innovation Office of Hungary RRF-2.3.1-21-2022-00006Novo Nordisk Foundation NNF16OC0021856Novo Nordisk Foundation NNF24SA0094147
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Sewage metagenomics is a powerful tool for proactive pathogen surveillance and understanding microbial community dynamics. To support such efforts, we present a highly curated and accessible longitudinal dataset of 239 sewage samples collected from five European cities. The dataset, processed through metagenomic sequencing, includes rich analytical outputs such as taxonomic profiles, identified antimicrobial resistance genes, assembled contigs with annotated origins, metagenome-assembled genomes with functional gene annotations, and metadata. Given the computational intensity and time required to reproduce such analyses, we share this dataset to promote reuse and advance research. In addition to the metagenomic data, qPCR was used to identify specific pathogens, and Hi-C sequencing was performed on a subset of the samples to strengthen genomic linkage analysis. Central to this resource is a publicly available PostgreSQL database, designed to facilitate efficient exploration and reuse of the data. This comprehensive database allows users to perform targeted queries, subset data, and streamline access to this extensive resource.

Indexed as

Databases, GeneticMetagenomeMetagenomicsSewageCitiesDatasets as TopicEuropeSewage

Identifiers

PMID41556498
PMCPMC12817144

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.