ArticleCureus2025
Fontan-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Case Report and Management Dilemmas.
Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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0 citing papers in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Fontan-Associated Liver Disease (FALD) is a recognized complication post-Fontan procedure in surviving patients as a result of the long-term pathophysiological effects of elevated central venous pressure (CVP) on a hepatocellular level. While liver cirrhosis can occur, the risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) may develop without any histological or radiological evidence of cirrhosis. We describe the case of a 24-year-old male with a history of hypoplastic left heart syndrome, status post-Fontan procedure 16 years ago, and von Willebrand disease, who presented with mild right upper quadrant abdominal pain and fever. A CT scan was done on presentation and showed multifocal hepatic lesions with radiological features of HCC with no evidence of cirrhosis. Fontan patients are at higher risk of developing HCC even without cirrhosis. Increased awareness among physicians who are routinely involved with patients and initiating a structured surveillance program for this high-risk population is recommended.
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