Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41555649›Full record

ArticleChild: care, health and development2026

Screen Time, Fatigue, Obesity and Physical Inactivity: Health Correlates of Problematic Smartphone Use in Adolescents.

Mohamed Yaakoubi, Ahmed Ghorbel, Hiba Abdelkafi, Liwa Masmoudi, Adnene Gharbi, Omar Trabelsi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Child: care, health and development, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Mohamed YaakoubiHigh Institute of Sports and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, Kef, Tunisia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5187-236X
Ahmed GhorbelHigh Institute of Sports and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, Kef, Tunisia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6890-9867
Hiba AbdelkafiThe High Institute of Applied Studies in Humanities of Mahdia, Department of Education Sciences, University of Monastir, Mahdia, Tunisia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9869-456X
Liwa MasmoudiResearch Unit: Physical Activity, Sport and Health, UR18JS01, at the National Observatory of Sport, Tunis, Tunisia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9628-1585
Adnene GharbiResearch Unit: Physical Activity, Sport and Health, UR18JS01, at the National Observatory of Sport, Tunis, Tunisia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9971-1993
Omar TrabelsiHigh Institute of Sports and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, Kef, Tunisia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2568-3000

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThis study aimed to determine the prevalence of problematic smartphone use (PSU) among Tunisian adolescents, examine variations by sex and age and investigate associations with physical activity, fatigue and obesity while assessing the potential protective role of sports participation.

methodsA cross-sectional study of 960 adolescents (53% female), aged 14-16 years utilized validated Arabic instruments including the Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version (SAS-SV), International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-SF) and Fatigue Assessment Scale (FAS). Anthropometric measurements followed WHO protocols, and objective screen time data were collected from device tracking features. Statistical analyses included Mann-Whitney U tests, chi-square tests, Spearman's correlations and logistic regression models with sex stratification, all adjusted for multiple comparisons using Benjamini-Hochberg correction.

resultsPSU prevalence was 15.7%, with significantly higher rates in males (p < 0.001) and during mid-adolescence (p < 0.001). Adolescents with PSU showed substantially higher screen time (435 vs. 155 min/day, p < 0.001), reduced vigorous physical activity (0 vs. 480 MET-min/week, p < 0.001), increased obesity (12.6% vs. 0.7%, p < 0.001) and more severe fatigue (50.3% vs. 5.8%, p < 0.001). Sports participation demonstrated protective effects against PSU (OR = 0.4-0.6), with significantly stronger effects in females (interaction p = 0.03).

conclusionPSU represents a significant public health concern among Tunisian adolescents, with a prevalence of 15.7% that is higher in males and mid-adolescents. It is associated with excessive screen time, inactivity, elevated BMI and fatigue, whereas sports participation offers a protective effect, particularly among girls.

Indexed as

Behavior, AddictiveExerciseFatigueInternet Addiction DisorderObesityScreen TimeSedentary BehaviorSmartphoneAdolescentAdolescent BehaviorCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMalePrevalenceSex Factorsadolescencefatiguegender differencesoverweightphysical activitysedentary behavioursmartphone addiction

Identifiers

PMID41555649
PMCPMC12816945

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.