ArticleBMC public health2026
Post-traumatic stress disorders among sexual and gender-based violence survivors in war-affected zones in Ethiopia.
Article in BMC public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundPost-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) among survivors of Sexual and Gender-Based Violence (SGBV) in war-affected zones is a pressing public health issue, as these individuals often endure compounded trauma from both the violence they experience and the broader context of conflict. Post-traumatic stress disorders are overlooked in Ethiopian society, despite the country having the greatest number of victims of violence and its detrimental effects on mental health. This study aimed to explore Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder among Sexual and Gender-Based Violence Survivors attending one-stop centers in war-affected Zones, in Ethiopia.
methodsA cross-sectional study design was carried out with 321 individuals at least 15 years old at the time of attendance at the one-stop center in December/2022 and January 2023. The research participants were chosen by a systematic random sampling method. The outcome measure used in the study was the Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL). Data was entered into the Epi-data version 4.6 and it was exported to SPSS version 26 statistical software for further analysis. Pretested, structured questionnaires and face-to-face interviews were used for data collection. To identify factors associated with PTSD, bivariate and multivariable logistic regressions were performed. Variables in multivariable logistic regression with a p-value of less than 0.05 were considered significant, and the strength of the association was present using adjusted OR (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval.
resultsThe prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder among participants was 36.4% (95% CI:30.8,41.7). In multivariable analysis, experiencing multiple violence history (AOR = 3.34; 95% CI 1.44, 7.77), a family history of suicide (AOR = 3.26; 95% CI 1.49, 7.16), and having current depression (AOR = 8.71; 95% CI 4.84,15.67) were variables significantly associated with PTSD.
conclusionThis study showed PTSD is extremely common among SGBV survivors in war-affected regions, with experiencing multiple violence, a family history of suicide, and depression as major identified contributing factors. Based on this finding, urgent mental health services and intrauma informed care are needed for the survivor. However, increased investment is needed to expand access and improve the quality of these services. Further research is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of tailored interventions in improving outcomes in this population.
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