Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41555278›Full record

ArticleBMC infectious diseases2026

Epidemiological investigation and risk factors analysis of Helicobacter pylori infection in children and teenagers in Hainan Province.

Yuliang Huang, Yanting Lv, Xianfeng Huang, Daya Zhang, Chen Chen, Shuo Zhou, Xiaodong Zhang, Shiju Chen, Da Li, Fengjiao Mao and 12 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Antibiotic resistance and associated gene mutations ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

22 authors.

Yuliang Huang *The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, 571199, China.
Yanting Lv *The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, 571199, China.
Xianfeng Huang *The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, 571199, China.
Daya ZhangThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, 570216, China.
Chen ChenThe Second School of Clinical Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, 571199, China.
Shuo ZhouThe Second School of Clinical Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, 571199, China.
Xiaodong ZhangThe Second School of Clinical Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, 571199, China.
Shiju ChenThe Second School of Clinical Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, 571199, China.
Da LiThe Second School of Clinical Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, 571199, China.
Fengjiao MaoThe Second School of Clinical Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, 571199, China.
Shimei HuangThe Second School of Clinical Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, 571199, China.
Fan ZengThe Second School of Clinical Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, 571199, China.
Runxiang ChenThe Second School of Clinical Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, 571199, China.
Yiping DuThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, 570216, China.
Runyu ChenThe Second School of Clinical Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, 571199, China.
Ying MoThe Second School of Clinical Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, 571199, China.
Qicen YaoThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, 570216, China.
Fei ZhengDongfang Education Bureau, Hainan Province, 572699, China.
Chuni HanWuzhishan Education Bureau, Hainan Province, 572299, China.
Yuehong JiangThe Second People's Hospital of Ledong Li Autonomous County, Hainan Province, 572536, China.
Yunqian XieThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, 570216, China.
Feihu BaiThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, 570216, China. hy214654@muhn.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1560-6131

Funding

Clinical Medical Center of Hainan Province 2021818Joint Project of Health Technology Innovation of Hainan Province WSJK2024MS150Special Research Fund of Academician Innovation Platform of Hainan Province YSPTZX202313Support of Hainan Provincial Education Reform Project hnjg2024-67the National Clinical Key Specialty Capacity Building Project No. 202330
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe objective of this research was to determine the prevalence and potential risk factors of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infections in children and teenagers within Hainan Province, China. MATERIALS AND

methodsThe data for this study were obtained from an epidemiological survey conducted in five cities in Hainan Province (Dongfang City, Haikou City, Wuzhishan City, Qionghai City, and Sanya City) from March 1, 2024, to June 30, 2025. A total of 2123 participants were screened for H. pylori infection using the 13 C-urea breath test (13 C-UBT). Additionally, we explored the relationships between various factors and H. pylori infection by conducting chi-square tests and performing multiple logistic regression analyses.

resultsThe total prevalence of H. pylori in children and teenagers in Hainan Province was about 20.77%.In the multivariate analysis, the prevalence of H. pylori infection was positively correlated with frequent consumption of pickled food, frequent consumption of fried food, frequent drinking, frequent drinking of milk tea, frequent drinking of coffee, frequent eating of roadside stalls, father’s educational level is primary or secondary school, high or even unbearable academic pressure, family members with a history of stomach disease, and family members with a history of H. pylori infection.

conclusionsThe prevalence of H. pylori infection in children and teenagers in Hainan Province was observed to be moderate and closely related to education level, diet habit, health condition and family members’ disease history. CLINICAL TRIAL: Not applicable.

Indexed as

Helicobacter InfectionsHelicobacter pyloriAdolescentBreath TestsChildChild, PreschoolChinaFemaleHumansMalePrevalenceRisk FactorsChildren and teenagersEpidemiological investigationHainan ProvinceHelicobacter pyloriRisk factor

Identifiers

PMID41555278
PMCPMC12825196

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.