Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41555267›Full record

SynthesisBMC ophthalmology2026

Barriers and limitations of conventional oculovisual screening methods in children: a systematic review perspective.

Baqiatu'l Sabiqi 'Assfi Rahmat, Md Mustafa Md-Muziman-Syah, Noraishah Mohamed Nor, Thashini Sanmugam

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in BMC ophthalmology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Baqiatu'l Sabiqi 'Assfi RahmatDepartment of Optometry, Rehabilitation and Well-being, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Management and Science University, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8256-0364
Md Mustafa Md-Muziman-SyahDepartment of Optometry and Visual Science, Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia. syah@iium.edu.my.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6888-5912
Noraishah Mohamed NorDepartment of Nutrition Sciences, Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia.
Thashini SanmugamSchool of Graduate Studies, Management and Science University, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundEarly detection of vision problems in children is essential for preventing developmental delays and academic challenges. Conventional vision screening methods are widely implemented; however, various barriers limit their effectiveness and accessibility.

objectiveThis systematic review aims to identify and analyse the barriers and limitations associated with conventional vision screening methods in children.

methodsA systematic search was conducted across the Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed databases using predefined keywords and Boolean operators. Eligible studies included empirical investigations that examined barriers and limitations in paediatric vision screening. The review adhered to PRISMA 2020 guidelines, and quality assessment was performed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT).

resultsOf the studies screened, 25 met the inclusion criteria. Employing thematic analysis, five key barriers and limitations were discovered: (i) methodological limitations, (ii) resource constraints, (iii) competency gaps, (iv) socioeconomic and psychological barriers, and (v) policy and systemic challenges.

conclusionFuture research should focus on evaluating novel screening approaches that can overcome current limitations and enhance early detection rates for a broader range of paediatric vision conditions.

Indexed as

Vision DisordersVision ScreeningChildHumansBarriers and limitationsConventional vision screeningPaediatricSystematic review

Identifiers

PMID41555267
PMCPMC12874825

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.