Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41555113›Full record

SynthesisJournal of robotic surgery2026

Robotic curriculum and development strategies in robotic abdominal surgery.

Danilo Coco, Silvana Leanza

Abstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Journal of robotic surgery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Danilo CocoDepartment of General, Robotic, and Oncologic Surgery, Giglio Foundation Hospital, Cefalù, Palermo, Italy. webcostruction@msn.com.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5839-1767
Silvana LeanzaDepartment of General, Robotic, and Oncologic Surgery, Giglio Foundation Hospital, Cefalù, Palermo, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8672-7486

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe rapid adoption of robotic abdominal surgery has necessitated structured training programs to ensure surgeon competence and patient safety. The da Vinci TR 100-200-300-400-500 training system represents a comprehensive pathway for developing robotic surgical skills, yet its effectiveness on learning curves remains incompletely characterized.

methodsA systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines, searching PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases from inception to October 2025. Studies evaluating learning curves associated with the TR training system in robotic abdominal surgery were included. Data extraction focused on training methodologies, assessment parameters, learning curve patterns, and clinical outcomes.

resultsThe search identified 1,591 records, with 17 studies meeting inclusion criteria. The TR training system demonstrates a progressive learning curve across its modules: TR 100 (technical skills foundation), TR 200 (technical-clinical integration), TR 300 (procedure application), TR 400 (procedure refinement), and TR 500 (mastery). Significant learning occurs within 5-10 repetitions for basic skills, with 90% expert-level performance achieved by 53% of novices after 10 repetitions. Key parameters showing improvement include overall score, time to completion, instrument collision, and critical errors.

conclusionThe TR 100-200-300-400-500 training system provides an effective structured pathway for developing robotic abdominal surgery skills. However, standardization of assessment methods and validation of skill transfer to clinical performance require further investigation.

Indexed as

AbdomenCurriculumRobotic Surgical ProceduresClinical CompetenceHumansLearning CurveAbdominal surgeryDa vinciLearning curveRobotic surgerySimulation trainingTraining system

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.