ArticleScientific reports2026
Isolation and purification of polysaccharides from Centella Asiatica followed by structural characterization and evaluation of antidiabetic activity.
Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Natural polysaccharides derived from plants have demonstrated significant antidiabetic properties by effectively alleviating hyperglycemia, improving insulin resistance, and preventing diabetes-associated complications. In this study, polysaccharides were extracted from Centella asiatica (L.) leaves via hot water extraction, followed by 50% (v/v) alcohol precipitation and Sevag deproteinization. Using DEAE-52 cellulose chromatography, the crude Centella asiatica polysaccharide (CAP) was separated into three fractions: P50-1, P50-2, and P50-3. P50-2 showed the greatest inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase. Consequently, P50-2 was further purified using Sephacryl S-400 high-resolution (HR) gel chromatography to yield a single fraction, designated P50-2 A. An evaluation of the composition demonstrated that the compound P50-2 A, characterized as an acidic heteropolysaccharide, possesses a molecular mass of 3014 kDa. Its structure comprises fucose, rhamnose, mannose, arabinose, galactose, glucose, glucuronic acid, and galacturonic acid, arranged in a molar proportion of 0.83:1.21:6.32:24.36:37.16:19.29:5.48:5.35. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and methylation analysis confirmed that P50-2 A is an arabinogalactan with a pyranose ring structure and 14 methylated sugar residues. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed an irregular, spongy morphology, while X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicated a semi-crystalline structure comprising both amorphous and crystalline phases. In conclusion, this investigation offers the first thorough structural characterisation of CAP, providing a strong basis for further research into the links between its structure and activity as well as its uses in a variety of domains.
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