ArticleEuropean journal of dentistry2026
The Impact of Cytokines Expression in Peri-implant Crevicular Fluid Associated with Keratinized Tissue Augmentation via Xenogeneic Collagen Matrix: A Pilot Study.
Article in European journal of dentistry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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5 authors.
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Abstract
Objective: The xenogeneic collagen matrix (XCM) is widely used for keratinized mucosa augmentation around natural teeth and dental implants due to its consistent efficacy and the advantage of avoiding a second surgical site. However, the shrinkage rate of XCM after surgery exceeds 50%, which is not conducive to accurate preoperative design. This study aimed to investigate factors influencing XCM shrinkage. Materials and Methods: Fifteen participants with buccal keratinized tissue width (KTW) <2 mm around mandibular single implants underwent XCM-based KTW augmentation. Clinical parameters were recorded, and peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) was collected preoperatively and at 3-month follow-ups. Twenty cytokines in PICF were assessed using a commercial kit, with Spearman tests evaluating correlations between cytokines, clinical parameters, and shrinkage predictors. Results: XCM significantly increased KTW from 1.39 ± 0.26 mm to 4.13 ± 1.19 mm at 3 months ( Conclusion: KTW augmentation alters cytokine expression. Thin preoperative KTT and high CTSK in PICF may predict high postoperative XCM shrinkage. Clinical Relevance: Gingival phenotype significantly impacts XCM shrinkage after augmentation. PICF cytokine expression could serve as a predictive biomarker. Trial Registration: The Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, no. ChiCTR2500100933 (last updated on 17/04/2025).
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