Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41553958›Full record

ArticleRespiration; international review of thoracic diseases2026

Incidence of Second Primaries and Recurrent Disease in Early-Stage Lung Cancer: What Can We Expect in a Nodule-Care Center Cohort?

Desi K M Ter Woerds, Roel L J Verhoeven, Shoko Vos, Erik H J G Aarntzen, Ad F T M Verhagen, Erik H F M van der Heijden

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Article in Respiration; international review of thoracic diseases, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Desi K M Ter WoerdsDepartment of Pulmonary Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Roel L J VerhoevenDepartment of Pulmonary Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands, roel.lj.verhoeven@radboudumc.nl.
Shoko VosDepartment of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Erik H J G AarntzenDepartment of Medical Imaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Ad F T M VerhagenDepartment of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Erik H F M van der HeijdenDepartment of Pulmonary Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

<p>Introduction: Currently, in early-stage lung cancer, often multiple nodules are present upon presentation, or a second lung lesion develops during follow-up. The nature of this lesion has profound impact on therapeutic options. We set out to assess the need of repeated (minimally invasive) diagnosis and treatment procedures by determining the incidence of second primary lung cancer (SPLC) and recurrence in our navigation bronchoscopy (NB) program for incidental pulmonary lesions.

methodsWe retrospectively reviewed reports of patients referred for NB and diagnosed with early-stage lung cancer between December 2017 and May 2021. Classification of synchronous, metachronous SPLC, or recurrent disease was based on molecular analysis or pathology-based MDT decisions.

resultsIn our population of patients referred for NB, 188 patients were diagnosed as (early-stage) lung cancer. Twenty-four percent had a history of lung cancer upon referral for NB. In total, in 40.4% of the patients a new lung lesion that required additional diagnosis and treatment was found. These could be classified as metachronous SPLC in 26% and recurrence in 19%. In newly diagnosed patients, 22% developed SPLC or recurrent disease during a median follow-up time of only 3.3 years (range, 0.5-5.8 years).

conclusionOur findings demonstrate that in a patient cohort undergoing NB for peripheral pulmonary nodules, 40.4% had SPLC or recurrent disease. Most of these patients had metachronous SPLC, underlining the need to obtain adequate tissue that allows for molecular analysis. In newly diagnosed lung cancer patients 22% needed new procedures which impact the need for healthcare facilities. </p>.

Indexed as

Lung NeoplasmsNeoplasm Recurrence, LocalNeoplasms, Second PrimaryAgedAged, 80 and overBronchoscopyFemaleHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedNeoplasm StagingRetrospective StudiesEarly-stage lung cancerHealthcare resourcesLung cancerLung cancer diagnosticsNavigation bronchoscopyRecurrenceRecurrent diseaseSecond primary diseaseSecond primary lung cancer

Identifiers

PMID41553958
PMCPMC12948378

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.