ArticleJournal of youth and adolescence2026
Identifying Subtypes of Image-Based Sexual Abuse and their Distinct Incident Characteristics, Victimization Histories, and Personal Correlates.
Article in Journal of youth and adolescence, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Investigating the links between sexting patterns, gender, sexual orientation and psychological distress: A cluster analysis.International journal of clinical and health psychology : IJCHPArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Image-based sexual abuse is common among adolescents, yet most research treats it as a single, uniform construct, obscuring important variation in how image-based harms occur and who is most vulnerable. This lack of differentiation represents a central gap in the field, limiting theoretical development and hindering understanding of the behavioral and relational dynamics that shape youth image-based sexual abuse. The present study addresses this gap by examining incident-level heterogeneity in image-based sexual abuse experiences that occurred before age 18. Data were drawn from a national sample of 2,854 young adults aged 18–28 (Mean age = 22.16, SD = 3.1) who reported details on 4,205 unique image-based sexual abuse incidents. Almost three-quarters (73.6%) of participants were female at birth, 25.3% identified with a gender minority identity, and 62.2% with a sexual minority identity. Incident-level latent class analysis of types of image-based sexual abuse identified four distinct profiles: (1) Coerced Production and Distribution: peer-driven pressure to produce sexual content, marked by frequent, sustained incidents and low perceived intent to harm; (2) Non-Coerced Image Sharing with Older Individuals: age-discrepant exchanges with people 5 + years older that, while lacking overt coercion, raise concerns about grooming and exploitation; (3) Image Re-Distribution: peer-based non-consensual sharing and the highest rates of disclosure; and (4) Threat-Based Exploitation: blackmail, commercial exchange, and predatory adult perpetrators. Findings demonstrate that image-based sexual abuse is not a single type of harm but a set of behaviorally and relationally distinct patterns. By identifying the specific constellations of behaviors, this typology provides a clearer foundation for future theory-building and research on mechanisms, resilience, and risk in image-based sexual abuse among youth.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.