Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41552968›Full record

ArticleDevelopment (Cambridge, England)2026

Toll signalling controls intestinal regeneration in Drosophila.

Aiswarya Udayakumar, Filippos Stavropoulos, Theodosia Hadjipanteli, Guofan Peng, Shivohum Bahuguna, Caitlin MacClay, Jeffrey Y Lee, Qi Xiao, Yuxian Xia, Michael Boutros and 4 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Development (Cambridge, England), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Aiswarya UdayakumarDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Oxford,South Parks Rd, Oxford, OX1 3QU, UK.
Filippos StavropoulosDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Cyprus, 1 University Avenue, 2109 Aglantzia, Nicosia, Cyprus.
Theodosia HadjipanteliDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Cyprus, 1 University Avenue, 2109 Aglantzia, Nicosia, Cyprus.
Guofan PengHunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Molecular Medicine, The Affiliated XiangTan Central Hospital of Hunan University, School of Biomedical Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China.
Shivohum BahugunaGerman Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Division Signalling and Functional Genomics, Heidelberg University, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Caitlin MacClayDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Oxford,South Parks Rd, Oxford, OX1 3QU, UK.
Jeffrey Y LeeDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Oxford,South Parks Rd, Oxford, OX1 3QU, UK.
Qi XiaoKey Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation Technology, Genetic Engineering Research Centre, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, People's Republic of China.
Yuxian XiaKey Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation Technology, Genetic Engineering Research Centre, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, People's Republic of China.
Michael BoutrosGerman Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Division Signalling and Functional Genomics, Heidelberg University, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Jun ZhouHunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Molecular Medicine, The Affiliated XiangTan Central Hospital of Hunan University, School of Biomedical Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China.
Yiorgos ApidianakisDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Cyprus, 1 University Avenue, 2109 Aglantzia, Nicosia, Cyprus.
Chrysoula PitsouliDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Cyprus, 1 University Avenue, 2109 Aglantzia, Nicosia, Cyprus.
Petros LigoxygakisDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Oxford,South Parks Rd, Oxford, OX1 3QU, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-9498-9993

Funding

Changjiang Scholar Program, Ministry of EducationDepartment of Science and Technology of Hunan Province 2023JJ0007EPA Cephalosporin Fund CF 388Hunan UniversityJohn Fell Fund, University of Oxford 0010611National Natural Science Foundation of China 32270890University of CyprusUniversity of Oxford
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The intestinal interphase is where epithelial renewal and tissue maintenance are balanced alongside immunological regulation. How these functions integrate with cellular signalling is under investigation. Here, we studied the role of the evolutionarily conserved innate immune Toll/NF-κB pathway in Drosophila intestinal regeneration. We found that the core components of the canonical Toll pathway were necessary for intestinal stem cell (ISC) mitosis in homeostasis and upon infection. Toll activation was sufficient to push ISCs into mitosis and the enteroblast (EB) fate, but blocked EB differentiation resulting in ISC and EB accumulation. This was mediated by JNK and Akt/TOR signalling. When JNKK, JNK, Akt or TOR activity was reduced in gut progenitors, ISC mitosis was suppressed. Toll activation also triggered suppression of antimicrobial lysozyme and amidase genes, which led to increased gut bacterial density. Our results identify Toll as necessary and sufficient for ISC mitosis. Our model is that the Toll pathway acts as a regulator of the intestinal landscape integrating JNK and Akt signals to achieve gut tissue renewal and control of commensal bacteria density.

Indexed as

Drosophila melanogasterDrosophila ProteinsIntestinesRegenerationSignal TransductionToll-Like ReceptorsAnimalsCell DifferentiationDrosophilaMitosisNF-kappa BProto-Oncogene Proteins c-aktStem CellsTOR Serine-Threonine KinasesDrosophila ProteinsNF-kappa BProto-Oncogene Proteins c-aktToll-Like ReceptorsTOR Serine-Threonine KinasesDrosophilaGutIntestinal stem cellsToll

Identifiers

PMID41552968
PMCPMC12863300

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.