Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41549562›Full record

ArticleAnnals of neurology2026

Topographical Variation of Iron-Rimmed Lesions in the Multiple Sclerosis Brain and Spinal Cord: A Neuropathological Study.

Marco Pisa, Andrew Lockhart, Thomas Angell, Aimee Avery, Zaenab Dhari, Mary Bailey, Simon Hametner, Hal Drakesmith, Monika Hofer, Clara Limbaeck and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Annals of neurology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Marco PisaNuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-9409-6864
Andrew LockhartNuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Thomas AngellNuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Aimee AveryNuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Zaenab DhariMandell MS Center, Trinity Health of New England, Hartford, CT, USA.
Mary BaileyMandell MS Center, Trinity Health of New England, Hartford, CT, USA.
Simon HametnerDepartment of Neuroimmunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Hal DrakesmithMRC Translational Immune Discovery Unit, MRC Weather all Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Monika HoferNeuropathology, Oxford University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.
Clara LimbaeckNeuropathology, Oxford University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.
Gabriele C DeLucaNuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-0342-5197

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Paramagnetic-rim lesions are a novel diagnostic marker in multiple sclerosis (MS) and are associated with poor prognosis due to their link with chronic inflammation and disease progression. Analyzing 46 postmortem MS cases, researchers found no iron rims in 67 white matter and 85 grey matter spinal cord lesions, despite most being active. In contrast, iron rims appeared in 20.9% of cortical and 80% of subcortical brain lesions, especially in deeper myelin-rich cortical layers. These findings highlight the regional variability of iron accumulation and have important implications for interpreting iron-rims in MS diagnosis, monitoring, and prognostication. ANN NEUROL 2026;99:730-736.

Indexed as

BrainIronMultiple SclerosisSpinal CordWhite MatterAdultAgedFemaleGray MatterHumansMaleMiddle AgedIron

Identifiers

PMID41549562
PMCPMC12954142

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.