Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41549354›Full record

ArticleDevelopmental medicine and child neurology2026

Validation of the Hand Assessment for Infants for bilateral and unilateral cerebral palsy.

Ann-Kristin Gunnes Elvrum, Lena Krumlinde-Sundholm, Marika Wenemark, Ann-Christin Eliasson

Abstract readValidation Study
In one paragraph

Article in Developmental medicine and child neurology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Ann-Kristin Gunnes ElvrumDepartment of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.ORCID 0000-0001-9712-1447
Lena Krumlinde-SundholmDepartment of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0002-1758-0190
Marika WenemarkDepartment of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Ann-Christin EliassonDepartment of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0001-7527-3810

Funding

Liaison Committee between the Central Norway Regional Health Authority and the Norwegian University of Science and Technology Grant number 17/38297, Project number 90393900Stiftelsen Frimurare Barnhuset i StockholmStiftelsen Promobilia
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimTo expand the scope of the Hand Assessment for Infants (HAI) by validating its internal scale structure and reliability in infants with a corrected age of 3 to 12 months who are at risk of bilateral or unilateral cerebral palsy (CP).

methodThis test-validation study included 274 HAI assessments collected from 221 infants (mean age = 7 months, SD = 2.4 months, 132 males) at risk of unilateral (n = 123) or bilateral (n = 98) CP. Each assessment was scored on 17 HAI items (12 unimanual and five bimanual) and analysed using the Rasch measurement model.

resultsStrong internal scale validity and person and item reliability were found for the HAI items when analysed separately for infants at risk of unilateral and bilateral CP. Logit measures for both scales were linked to a common reference frame, allowing comparable overall bimanual performance measures (HAI unit) while maintaining distinct item difficulty hierarchies.

interpretationThe HAI provides valid and reliable measures of hand use in infants at risk of bilateral and unilateral CP regardless of the severity of manual impairments. By linking the scales, the HAI unit provides a comparable measure of bimanual performance across CP subtypes. Thus, the subtype of CP does not need to be determined before data collection.

Indexed as

Cerebral PalsyFunctional LateralityHandFemaleHumansInfantMaleReproducibility of Results

Identifiers

PMID41549354
PMCPMC13436704

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