ArticleThe international journal of cardiovascular imaging2026
Relationship between cardio-ankle vascular index and stagnation zone volume, measured using 4D flow magnetic resonance imaging, in patients with thoracic aortic atherosclerosis.
Article in The international journal of cardiovascular imaging, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Aortic atherosclerosis (AA) involves the accumulation of plaque within the vessel wall and predisposes toward cardiovascular events. Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment are important, but early lesions are difficult to identify. Recently, 4D flow magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become an established method of evaluating blood flow. We hypothesized that the total aortic (TAV) and stagnation zone (ST) volumes would correlate with the severity of AA and aimed to identify diagnostic cutoff values for these parameters. We studied 181 patients who underwent cardiac contrast-enhanced MRI. They were allocated to two groups according to their cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI; <0.8, low; ≥0.8, high) (high CAVI: 78 men/24 women; low CAVI: 49 men/30 women) and 40 participants per group were propensity score matched. We measured the TAV and ST volume of the participants and used receiver operating characteristic analysis to identify the most appropriate cutoff values for a diagnosis of AA. The patients in the high CAVI group had larger TAVs (113.7 ± 28.8 vs. 80.4 ± 29.4 cm3, P < 0.0001) and mean and maximum ST volumes (P < 0.0001 for all the stagnation definitions used) than those in the low CAVI group. TAV could differentiate patients in the two groups using a cutoff of < 83.1 cm3, but the mean and maximum ST volume more effectively differentiated them, using cutoffs of 10.6-65.3 and 21.3-81.0 cm3, respectively. Patients with high CAVI scores have larger TAVs and ST volumes than those with low scores, and the ST volume can be used to differentiate these groups.
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