ArticleDocumenta ophthalmologica. Advances in ophthalmology2026
Technical note: contour plot visualization of the light adapted electroretinogram using a generalized additive model.
Article in Documenta ophthalmologica. Advances in ophthalmology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Technical note: a functional data analysis approach to analyze the light-adapted electroretinogram in children and adolescents.Documenta ophthalmologica. Advances in ophthalmology · 2026Article
- ERG-Graph: Graph Signal Processing of the Electroretinogram for Classification of Neurodevelopmental Disorders.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
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7 authors.
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Abstract
purposeTo describe a new method to visualize the amplitude profile of light adapted ERGs as a series of contour plots in response to a Flash Strength series.
methodsLight adapted ERGs from a dataset of n = 88 Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and n = 70 typically developing Control participants were used incorporating 10 flash strengths ranging from 12 to 446 Troland seconds (Td.s). The region chosen for analysis included the baseline, a-wave and ascending limb of the b-wave and included n = 1736 control and n = 1300 ASD waveforms. A Generalized Additive Model (GAM) with complexity penalized tensor product splines was applied to the waveform intervals.
resultsContour plots derived from the ASD and Control groups revealed a pattern of reduced amplitude in the ascending limb of the b-wave for the ASD group. Representative responses were derived from the GAM model for discrete Flash Strengths to exemplify the changing profile of the ERG waveform. A contour plot of the derived z-scores provided a qualitative evaluation of the differences in the mean amplitudes which was concentrated on the b-wave.
conclusionsThe production of contour plots based on amplitude, time and Flash Strength with minimal a priori assumptions provide an additional approach to analyzing stimulus response data series and may support clinical applications. Additionally, the GAM-based methodology provides a tool for simultaneous investigation of the amplitude changes over time and Flash Strength which can be useful for theoretical purposes.
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