Association between idiopathic scoliosis and facial asymmetry: a gender-balanced case-control study.

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Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Recep TaskinDepartment of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Kastamonu University, 37100, Kastamonu, Turkey.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3656-6140

Ergin KalkanDentkastamonu Oral and Dental Health Clinic, 37100, Kastamonu, Turkey. kalkanergin@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5544-1271

Fatih UgurDepartment of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Kastamonu University, 37100, Kastamonu, Turkey.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6109-8425

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the association between idiopathic scoliosis (IS) and facial asymmetry in a gender-balanced case-control design. Based on power analysis, 100 participants were recruited (50 IS patients: 25 male, 25 female; 50 controls: 25 male, 25 female). Facial asymmetry was evaluated through clinical examination and frontal cephalometric analysis. Statistical analysis was performed using chi-square tests and logistic regression, with post-hoc power calculation. Facial asymmetry was present in 41 (82%) of IS patients compared to 18 (36%) of controls (p < 0.001). The achieved power was 99% for detecting this difference. Among IS patients, 21 males (84%) and 20 females (80%) exhibited facial asymmetry. In controls, facial asymmetry was observed in 10 males (40%) and 8 females (32%). The odds ratio for facial asymmetry in IS patients was 7.64 (95% CI 3.02–19.32) compared to controls. Idiopathic scoliosis is significantly associated with facial asymmetry, with no substantial gender difference in this association. The high statistical power confirms the reliability of these findings.

Indexed as

Facial AsymmetryScoliosisAdolescentCase-Control StudiesCephalometryChildFemaleHumansMaleSex FactorsCase-control studyCephalometryFacial asymmetryGender differencesIdiopathic scoliosisPower analysis

Identifiers

PMID41548031

DOI10.1038/s41598-026-36422-4

PMCPMC12917111

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.