Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41548006›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2026

Labour market patterns among women and men following the uptake of their first parental leave benefit in Sweden.

Marianna Virtanen, Katalin Gémes, Kristin Farrants, Jakob Bergström, Niklas Gustafsson, Laura Peutere, Ellenor Mittendorfer-Rutz, Kristina Alexanderson

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Marianna VirtanenDivision of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden. marianna.virtanen@uef.fi.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8361-3301
Katalin GémesDivision of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden.
Kristin FarrantsDivision of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden.
Jakob BergströmDivision of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden.
Niklas GustafssonDivision of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden.
Laura PeutereSchool of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland.
Ellenor Mittendorfer-RutzDivision of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden.
Kristina AlexandersonDivision of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study identified long-term labour market patterns after taking the first parental leave benefit among women and men in Sweden and the socio-demographic, economic, and health-related characteristics among the identified patterns. We conducted a prospective cohort study, based on nationwide register microdata, including all women (N = 43,959) and men (N = 43,514) who had their first parental leave benefit uptake in 2010. Sequence analysis was used to explore their labour market patterns over 9 years after parental leave. We identified six labour market clusters for women: 'Quick return to employment/studies' (32%), 'Ongoing employment/studies' (24%), 'Slow return to employment/studies' (21%), 'Weak labour market attachment' (11%), 'Increasing sickness absence/disability pension' (9%) and 'Death/emigration/retirement' (2%). Among men, there were five clusters: 'Ongoing employment/studies' (74%), 'Weak labour market attachment' (13%), 'Parental leave' (7%), 'Increasing sickness absence/disability pension' (4%), and 'Death/emigration/retirement' (2%). Although most were economically active at the end of follow-up, among both women and men, marginalized labour market patterns were characterized by socioeconomic disadvantage and prior morbidity.

Indexed as

EmploymentParental LeaveAdultFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPensionsProspective StudiesSick LeaveSocioeconomic FactorsSwedenLife courseParental leaveProspectiveSequence analysisSick leaveSocioeconomic

Identifiers

PMID41548006
PMCPMC12819409

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.