Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41547717›Full record

ArticleBMC microbiology2026

The antiparasitic drug Nitazoxanide enhances the susceptibility of Candida albicans to fluconazole.

Juan Pan, Zhuocheng Yao, Jia Zhang, Panjie Hu, Lulu Ye, Beibei Zhou, Shiyi Shi, Yao Sun, Tieli Zhou

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Juan PanDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Zhuocheng YaoDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Jia ZhangDepartment of Medical Inspection, Wenzhou Third Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou People's Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Panjie HuDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Lulu YeDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Beibei ZhouDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Shiyi ShiDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Yao SunDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China. sunyaowzmu@163.com.
Tieli ZhouDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China. wyztli@163.com.

Funding

Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province 2022E1002
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundFluconazole (FLC) is a widely used antifungal agent; however, Candida albicans is increasingly developing resistance to it. Given the limited range of available antifungal drugs, there is an immediate requirement for the development of novel approaches to improve FLC efficacy against resistant strains.

methodsThis study investigated the synergistic effects of nitazoxanide (NTZ) and FLC against FLC-resistant C. albicans. Combined antifungal activity was evaluated through in vitro and in vivo experiments, including broth microdilution assays, time-kill assays, and the Galleria mellonella infection model. To explore potential mechanisms, hyphal growth inhibition, intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, expression of resistance-related genes, Rhodamine 6G (Rh6G) efflux, and membrane potential changes were assessed.

resultsNTZ combined with FLC exerted a synergistic antifungal effect against FLC-resistant C. albicans. The combination increased ROS production, decreased ATP levels and metabolic capacity, inhibited hyphal growth of C. albicans and biofilm formation, suppressed efflux gene expression, lowered membrane potential, and reduced drug efflux, among others. Moreover, it was confirmed that FLC combined with NTZ not only effectively enhanced the survival rate of G. mellonella infected with C. albicans, but also significantly reduced the colony burden in G. mellonella.

conclusionsThe results in this study provide preliminary experimental evidence supporting the potential clinical application of NTZ combined with FLC. This regimen may improve FLC efficacy and represents an exploratory approach for optimizing antifungal treatment strategies.

Indexed as

Antifungal AgentsAntiparasitic AgentsCandida albicansFluconazoleThiazolesAdenosine TriphosphateAnimalsBiofilmsCandidiasisDrug Resistance, FungalDrug SynergismHyphaeMembrane PotentialsMicrobial Sensitivity TestsMothsNitro CompoundsAdenosine TriphosphateAntifungal AgentsAntiparasitic AgentsFluconazolenitazoxanideNitro CompoundsReactive Oxygen SpeciesThiazolesCandida albicansCombinationFluconazoleMechanismsNitazoxanide

Identifiers

PMID41547717
PMCPMC12952122

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.