ArticleAnnals of hematology2026
Survival outcomes and adverse prognostic factors of Langerhans cell histiocytosis: a 40-year experience from a single tertiary center in Thailand.
Article in Annals of hematology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
The survival of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) in high-income countries is favorable, with rates of over 95%. However, there are few studies from resource-limited countries. Thus, this study aimed to examine survival risk factors and outcomes of LCH patients in Thailand. A retrospective review was conducted on LCH patients aged < 15 years at Songklanagarind Hospital over 40-year period. Cox regression analysis was utilized to identify risk factors. The overall (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) rates were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. A total of 68 patients were included with a median age of 2.1 years. Of these, 27 (39.7%) had single-system (SS)-LCH, 17 (25.0%) had no risk organ (RO-) multisystem (MS)-LCH, and 24 (35.3%) had risk organ (RO+) MS-LCH. The 5-year EFS of patients with SS-, RO-, and RO + MS-LCH were 95.2%, 58.4%, and 44.1%, respectively (p < 0.01). MS-LCH patients had a higher reactivation rate compared to those with SS-LCH (50.0% vs. 4.3%, p = 0.02, respectively). Age < 1 year was an independent risk factor for inferior survival (HR 13.79, 95% CI: 1.5-123.4, p = 0.02). The OS and reactivation rates of LCH patients treated with our national protocol are comparable to those of high-income countries. The infant was associated with inferior survival.
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