Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41546443›Full record

ArticleGerodontology2026

Parkinson's Disease and Salivary Issues: A Survey.

Beau D M van Dijk, Merel C Verhoeff, Niels van der Aa, Frank Lobbezoo

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Gerodontology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Beau D M van DijkDepartment of Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4274-0700
Merel C VerhoeffDepartment of Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7861-5935
Niels van der AaDepartment of Public Oral Health, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Frank LobbezooDepartment of Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSalivary dysfunction, including xerostomia and drooling, is common in Parkinson's disease and further impairs oral health and quality of life, which are already compromised in this population. Their effective management demands deeper insight into the complexity of salivary dysfunction.

objectiveTo examine the occurrence and associations of xerostomia and drooling complaints in individuals with Parkinson's disease.

methods111 individuals with Parkinson's disease (69.9 ± 7.7 years; 46.8% female) participated in an online survey. The questionnaire used validated scales (e.g., Xerostomia Inventory) and original questions. After descriptive analyses, multiple linear regression analyses identified factors (e.g., severity of motor impairment) associated with severity of xerostomia and drooling.

resultsXerostomia (64.9%) and drooling (27.0%) were common, with 18.0% of the individuals experiencing both concurrently. Xerostomia was associated with the presence of jaw symptoms (B = 4.63; 95% CI 1.86-7.40), chewing gum usage (B = 1.27; 95% CI 0.52-2.02), swallowing difficulties (B = 0.41; 95% CI 0.04-0.78) and taste alterations (B = 0.15; 95% CI 0.00-0.30). Drooling was associated with the severity of motor impairment (B = 0.40; 95% CI 0.18-0.60) and with swallowing difficulties (B = 0.64; 95% CI 0.14-1.15).

conclusionsXerostomia and drooling complaints frequently co-occur in individuals with Parkinson's disease. To prevent further deterioration of the oral health-related quality of life, a comprehensive evaluation of the underlying aetiology of salivary issues in people with Parkinson's disease is crucial to assist in determining suitable treatment.

Indexed as

Parkinson DiseaseSialorrheaXerostomiaAgedChewing GumDeglutition DisordersFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedQuality of LifeSurveys and QuestionnairesChewing GumdroolingParkinson diseasesalivaxerostomia

Identifiers

PMID41546443
PMCPMC13140045

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.