Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41546084›Full record

ArticleMalaria journal2026

Residual efficacy of indoor residual spraying using clothianidin (SumiShield 50WG) under experimental huts and field conditions in Senegal.

Oumar Ciss, Abdoulaye Niang, Ousmane Sy, El Hadji Diouf, Moussa Diallo, Moussa Diop, Moussa Fall, Assane Ndiaye, Omar Thiaw, Babacar Ndiouck and 5 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Malaria journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Oumar CissLaboratory of Vector and Parasite Ecology of Cheikh, Anta Diop University, Dakar, Sénégal. oumarciss95@gmail.com.
Abdoulaye NiangLaboratory of Vector and Parasite Ecology of Cheikh, Anta Diop University, Dakar, Sénégal.
Ousmane SyLaboratory of Vector and Parasite Ecology of Cheikh, Anta Diop University, Dakar, Sénégal.
El Hadji DioufLaboratory of Vector and Parasite Ecology of Cheikh, Anta Diop University, Dakar, Sénégal.
Moussa DialloMedical Research Council Unit, The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Atlantic Boulevard, Fajara, Kanifing Municipality, The Gambia.
Moussa DiopLaboratory of Vector and Parasite Ecology of Cheikh, Anta Diop University, Dakar, Sénégal.
Moussa FallLaboratory of Vector and Parasite Ecology of Cheikh, Anta Diop University, Dakar, Sénégal.
Assane NdiayeLaboratory of Vector and Parasite Ecology of Cheikh, Anta Diop University, Dakar, Sénégal.
Omar ThiawLaboratory of Vector and Parasite Ecology of Cheikh, Anta Diop University, Dakar, Sénégal.
Babacar NdiouckLaboratory of Vector and Parasite Ecology of Cheikh, Anta Diop University, Dakar, Sénégal.
Moussa DiagneLaboratory of Vector and Parasite Ecology of Cheikh, Anta Diop University, Dakar, Sénégal.
Malick DioufDepartment of Animal Biology, Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar, Dakar, Senegal.
Ousmane FayeLaboratory of Vector and Parasite Ecology of Cheikh, Anta Diop University, Dakar, Sénégal.
Lassana KonateLaboratory of Vector and Parasite Ecology of Cheikh, Anta Diop University, Dakar, Sénégal.
El Hadji Amadou NiangLaboratory of Vector and Parasite Ecology of Cheikh, Anta Diop University, Dakar, Sénégal. elhadjiamadou.niang@ucad.edu.sn.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIn Senegal, the main vector control strategies include indoor residual spraying (IRS) and the distribution of insecticide-treated nets (ITNs). However, drugs and insecticides resistance have become a major challenge in the fight against malaria transmission. Addressing the problem of escalating resistance is vital to maintaining progress towards malaria elimination, which has stalled in recent years. New formulations belonging to the neonicotinoid class, clothianidin, have been developed and is now being used for malaria vector control through IRS.

methodsThe residual efficacy of clothianidin-treated walls was assessed monthly using WHO cone bioassays. Five houses in each of the two treated villages were evaluated, while one untreated house served as a control. In the experimental huts, a total of six huts, three in banco (mud) and three in cement, were evaluated on a monthly basis. Three cones were installed on three walls of each sprayed house at heights of 0.5 m, 1 m and 1.5 m above the ground, and three additional cones were placed in the control house. Ten female Anopheles coluzzii mosquitoes, aged between 3 and 5 days and derived from a laboratory-susceptible strain, were exposed in each cone for 30 min. After exposure, the mosquitoes were transferred to cups and mortality rates were recorded up to four days after exposure.

resultsResults demonstrate high efficacy of SumiShield 50WG on mud and cement substrates, residual activity for up to twelve months in experimental huts and eight months under field conditions. In experimental huts, the 96 h mortality rate of the susceptible mosquito strain remained at 100% throughout the study, except in months ten and twelve for mud-walled huts, and months six and ten for cement-walled huts, where mortality rates were 98.33%, 99.16%, 95.68%, and 97.52%, respectively. In the field sites of Bandafassi and Tomboronkoto, the 72 h mortality rate of the susceptible strain remained consistently at 100% over the eight-month period.

conclusionsClothianidin, a neonicotinoid insecticide, has not yet shown resistance in malaria vectors in Senegal. SumiShield 50WG is effective for resistance management through a rotation strategy using insecticides with different modes of action across spray cycles.

Indexed as

AnophelesGuanidinesInsecticidesMosquito ControlThiazolesAnimalsBiological AssayFemaleHousingNeonicotinoidsSenegalSurvival AnalysisclothianidinGuanidinesInsecticidesNeonicotinoidsThiazolesClothianidinExperimental hutsField conditionsIRSResidual efficacySenegal(SumiShield 50WG)

Identifiers

PMID41546084
PMCPMC12892510

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.