ArticleBMC infectious diseases2026
Bacterial distribution and disease burden analysis in hospital-acquired bloodstream infections according to Diagnosis-Related Groups (DRGs) data.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundHospital-acquired bloodstream infections (HA-BSIs) create a heavy burden by prolonging hospitalization and increasing costs. Diagnosis-Related Groups (DRGs) framework helps mitigate this by identifying high-risk patients for targeted control.
methodsA retrospective study was conducted using data from the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University (2022–2023). The study assessed differences in average length of hospital stay (ALOS) and costs between bloodstream infection (BSI) and non-BSI groups through comprehensive comparisons (overall, major diagnostic category (MDC) and DRG-stratified). Furthermore, the study deeply explored the associations among bacterial distribution, influencing factors and economic burden in high-incidence DRG subgroups.
resultsAmong 133,692 DRG discharge cases, 263 HA-BSI cases (0.20%) were identified. Infected groups showed significantly longer ALOS and higher costs than non-infected groups (p < 0.001), with HA-BSI subgroups also showing this trend (p < 0.001). These cases distributed across 19 MDCs (covering 79 DRGs), with MDCR (25.86%, highest concentration), MDCS (16.35%), and MDCA (5.44%, highest incidence) as key MDCs; DRG concentrations included SR11 (11.41%), RU10 (7.60%), and RR11 (20.41%). Pathogens were predominantly Gram-negative (56.98%), led by Escherichia coli(23.26%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae(12.40%).
conclusionsTo mitigate the disproportionate clinical and economic burden of HA-BSIs on specific patient groups under DRGs, implementing risk-stratified prevention is crucial. Simultaneously, empirical therapy must be optimized to target the predominant Gram-negative pathogens.
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