ArticleBMC public health2026
Lived experience perspectives on resilience, mental health, and wellbeing: a focus group study of individual, social, and systemic determinants in Aotearoa New Zealand.
Article in BMC public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundResilience research increasingly recognises the influence of cultural context and community perspective on adaptive responses to adversity. However, many resilience indices embody theoretical underpinnings that are not necessarily congruent with lived experiences, especially in relation to culturally diverse groups. This study explores resilience factors through community narratives of diversity in Aotearoa New Zealand.
methodsWe conducted nine focus groups (N = 92) across urban and rural contexts with 48% of participants identifying as Māori or Pacific Peoples. The twelve resilience indicators were explored through the participant narratives promoted by vignettes and semi-structured discussions using a thematic analysis approach. Culturally grounded protocols were embedded throughout, including Māori-led facilitation using the Hui Process and Talanoa-informed engagement for Pacific participants, guided by Māori, Pacific and lived-experience advisors.
findingsFive themes emerged: (1) Personal resilience factors; (2) health and wellbeing; (3) social connection and reciprocity; (4) systemic and structural factors; and (5) cultural and environmental resources. Participants contested Western individualised models of resilience by demonstrating that agency emerges through complex assemblages of relationships across human, more-than-human, ancestral, and environmental domains, rather than from individual capacity alone.
conclusionIn this study, resilience did not emerge as an individual capacity, but as something grounded in relational networks situated within cultural, spiritual and ecological contexts. These findings suggest a need for transformational approaches to resilience assessment and intervention by policymakers and clinicians, which attend to structural determinants as well as individual coping capacity. Effective interventions are likely to be more acceptable and meaningful when they are community-grounded, culturally embedded and recognise resilience as a collective resource, rather than only individualised adaptation to inequitable conditions.
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