ArticleNature immunology2026
BACH2 regulates T cell lineage state to enhance CAR T cell function.
Article in Nature immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- T cell senescence and exhaustion: molecular mechanisms and immune rejuvenation for cancer immunotherapy.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Article
- Single-cell genomics links targeted functional manipulations to efficacy-associated chromatin signatures in CAR T cells.Research square · 2026Article
- Deciphering the Transcription Factor-Dominated Ecosystem During Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Progression at the Single-Cell Level.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Article
- Dynamic regulation of BACH2 enhances CAR T cell function.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2026Article
- Myeloid-derived immunosuppression of chimeric antigen receptor T cells in the neuronal microenvironment of glioblastoma.BMC medicine · 2026Article
- BACH2 the future.Nature immunology · 2026Article
- Mechanistic basis and therapeutic modulation of T cell fitness to enhance CAR-T cell efficacy in hematological malignancies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Non-signaling but all important: how the linker, hinge, and transmembrane domains in the CAR hold it all together.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
26 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Nearly all chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) signal in the absence of antigen, referred to as 'tonic signaling'. Tonic signaling of CARs containing 41BB domains enhances T cell fitness and function, in contrast to the exhaustion driven by CD28-containing CARs. Here we show that 41BB induces BACH2, a transcriptional regulator that directs stem and memory programs. Overexpression of BACH2 successfully prevented exhaustion but locked CAR T cells in a quiescent state. We linked BACH2 to a degradation domain to tune BACH2, enabling us to prevent exhaustion while enabling potent effector function that broadly enhanced the long-term efficacy of CAR T cells targeting liquid and solid tumors. Through interrogation of clinical CAR products, we further found an association between BACH2 activity and clinical outcomes in patients with leukemia. These data identify a central function for BACH2 in regulating CAR T cell efficacy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.