ArticleScientific reports2026
Integrated microbial-organic strategy for carbofuran remediation: water-dispersible ochrobactrum granules with biogas slurry.
Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
This study evaluates an integrated bioaugmentation-biostimulation strategy for carbofuran remediation using Ochrobactrum intermedium formulated as water-dispersible granules (WDGs) in combination with biogas slurry (BGS). In minimal salt medium, O. intermedium degraded 92.2% of 100 mg L⁻¹ carbofuran within 120 h (k = 0.69 day⁻¹; t₁/₂ = 1 day). GC-MS identified carbofuran-7-phenol and monoethyl phthalate as key intermediates. The WDGs retained > 80% viability and ~ 94% degradation efficiency after six months at 30 °C. In aqueous systems, BGS enhanced WDG activity, enabling 99% degradation within 120 h. In soil microcosms, WDGs + BGS (T5) achieved 92.4% degradation in 30 days (t₁/₂ = 8.04 days), outperforming WDGs alone (61%, t₁/₂ = 21.7 days), BGS alone (42%, t₁/₂ = 38.5 days), and control (26%). The combined treatment also improved microbial persistence, soil nutrients, and tomato growth, with no phytotoxic effects. Overall, coupling microbial formulations with organic amendments provides a robust and sustainable solution for remediating carbofuran-contaminated soils.
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