ArticleScience advances2026
Tissue-adhesive hydrogel-MXene biosensor for in situ intraoral TNF-α detection.
Article in Science advances, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Combination of Polymeric Microneedles with Specific Peptide for TNF‑α Sensing Via Noninvasive Detection in Interstitial Fluid.ACS omega · 2026Article
- Rapid-Forming Conductive Antifouling Hydrogel Coating Enables Magnetically Guided Electrochemical POCT for Direct at‑Home Blood Testing.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Hydraulic Pressure-Programmed Molecular Transport in Tough Hydrogels.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Current dental care relies on subjective assessments or sophisticated diagnostics, both struggling to balance efficiency and accuracy. In situ biosensors offer a promising solution for real-time biomarker detection, yet their practical deployment in oral tissue is hindered by challenges in sensitivity, specificity, and stability due to low biomarker concentrations, molecular-level heterogeneity, and dynamic intraoral interactions. Here, we develop a tissue-adhesive hydrogel-MXene (TAHM) biosensor, integrating a graphene/MXene sensing probe, a tissue-adhesive patch, and a selective-permeable hydrogel membrane, for in situ detection of tumor necrosis factor-α, a proinflammatory cytokine. Our TAHM biosensor achieves high sensitivity with a limit of detection of 18.2 femtograms per milliliter, excellent selectivity with an interference coefficient below 7%, and mechanical stability with resistance variation under 0.5% under varying stretch ratio and loading rates. The sensor's performance is further validated through in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo experiments. The work highlights the potential of in situ biosensor as a transformative tool for real-time oral diagnostics.
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Registered trials
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