Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41543907›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2026

Quantifying racial disparities in media representations of gun violence at scale.

Ruth Bagley, Susan Burtner, Andrew V Papachristos, Rob Voigt

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Quantifying racial disparities in media representations of gun violence at scale.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Ruth BagleyDepartment of Linguistics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208.ORCID 0009-0009-3032-7809
Susan BurtnerCenter for Neighborhood Engaged Research & Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208.ORCID 0000-0002-5209-821X
Andrew V PapachristosCenter for Neighborhood Engaged Research & Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208.ORCID 0000-0003-0975-8320
Rob VoigtInstitute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208.ORCID 0000-0003-3743-0322

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Previous research has documented racial disparities in gun violence news coverage in limited and small-scale contexts. This study curates and analyzes a large-scale dataset of news articles linked to specific incidents of gun violence to test for systematic race-related differences in representation across the US news media. Using computational techniques, we quantify how much media attention an incident gets, the topics and linguistic style of articles, and how participants in the incidents are framed. We find significant generalized disparities in media coverage and portrayal of incidents depending on whether they occur in neighborhoods that are majority white or majority people of color (POC), including increased media attention on police shootings if they occur in majority POC neighborhoods, greater focus on the people involved in incidents in majority white neighborhoods, and increased racialization and framing related to crime in majority POC neighborhoods.

Indexed as

FirearmsGun ViolenceMass MediaRacismBlack or African AmericanHumansUnited StatesWhitegun violencemedia representationnatural language processingracial disparities

Identifiers

PMID41543907
PMCPMC12818404

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.